Add host.id resource attribute detector

Is your feature request related to a problem?

host.id is a recommended resource attribute: https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/semconv/resource/host/

Describe the solution you'd like

I'd like to augment the existing host resource detector to also include host.id when available

Describe alternatives you've considered

The collector can stamp the host.id, but that doesn't help in all deployment types where there might not be a collector in the position to do that.

Additional Context

Originally opened an issue in contrib (https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python-contrib/issues/4830) but was redirected to add it here instead of establishing a new module

Would you like to implement a fix?

Yes

Tip

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Start by locating the existing host resource detector in the OpenTelemetry Python SDK and read the host resource semantic-conventions documentation linked in the issue. Add host.id when it is available, and verify the detector's tests cover both availability and absence of the attribute.