Support selected runtime config changes

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
The contrib/dynamic-control project is adding capability to allow the SDK and agent to change some configurations at runtime. This is being done in a roundabout way, and should be supported more straightforwardly by the SDK

Describe the solution you'd like

• if a policy changes that results in a new sampler config, call OpenTelemetrySdk.getSdkTracerProvider().setSampler(newSampler)
• if a policy changes that results loggers being turned off or on, call OpenTelemetrySdk.getSdkLoggerProvider().setLoggerConfigurator(newLoggerConfigurator)
• set Exporters at runtime?
• change logging to debug at runtime?

Describe alternatives you've considered
This isn't necessary, the contrib/dynamic-control is already implementing the changes using indirect handling. However if this is to be an accepted part of the SDK, then the changes should be added to the SDK

Additional context
Discussion thread here. There is also https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-java/pull/8076

Start with the OpenTelemetrySdk.getSdkTracerProvider() and getSdkLoggerProvider() entry points, then review contrib/dynamic-control and the referenced pull requests #2881 and #8076. Determine which runtime changes are intended to be supported—samplers, logger configurators, exporters, or log levels—and use the resulting API scope and tests as the completion criteria.