[Flow EVM] Upgrade to Ethereum Glamsterdam hard-fork

Upgrade Flow EVM with the upcoming changes included in the Ethereum Glamsterdam hard-fork.

High-level Tasks:

• 1. Update ethereum/go-ethereum dependency in flow-go to its latest version
• 2. Fix breaking changes on types & interfaces from ethereum/go-ethereum version updates
• 3. Implement new interfaces/methods added from ethereum/go-ethereum updates
• 4. Implement & verify correctness of all EIPs included in Glamsterdam hard-fork (https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7773)
• 5. Update existing timestamp activation mechanism for hard-forks (Flow EVM testnet & mainnet)

1. Update ethereum/go-ethereum dependency in flow-go to its latest version

Current version in master branch is github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum v1.16.8.
The latest version is github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum v1.17.2, at the time of writing.

2. Fix breaking changes on types & interfaces from ethereum/go-ethereum version updates

Breakdown of breaking changes per version:

v1.16.9

No breaking changes

v1.17.0

• PointCache() removed in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/33461
• SelfDestruct6780() removed in https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/32919
  • Make sure SelfDestruct() is now called, instead of SelfDestruct6780()
  • Remove all occurrences of SelfDestruct6780() from test cases and types

v1.17.1

No breaking changes

v1.17.2

• EmitLogsForBurnAccounts() was added in StateDB interface
  • Make sure this is now called from Geth (it is called indeed)
  • Add a test-case, utilizing SelfDestruct() to assert the burn log is emitted
• GasPool type change from uint64 to GasPool struct
  • Double check proper initialization for this (NewGasPool is the proper constructor)
• TransferFunc now expects the ChainRules as an extra parameter
  • Check why the rules are needed (the rules are needed for checking if Amsterdam is enabled, to emit EthTransferLog)

1.17.3

• Use uint256 in core Message for faster gas calculations (https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/34934)
• EmitLogsForBurnAccounts() was renamed to LogsForBurnAccounts() and it now returns all the Burn logs
• Touch() was added in StateDB interface
• VerkleTime was renamed to UBTTime in ChainConfig
• NewContract() expects a GasBudget struct type, instead of a plain uint64 value
• TransactionToMessage() no longer works for DryRunTransaction, since we provide no V,R,S signature values
• Calldata floor gas cost has increased, the gas limit for certain test transactions was updated to match this

1.17.4

• SetTxContext() was added in StateDB interface
• Finalise() now tracks storage reads/writes and state changes (balance, nonce, code)
• BlockContext now accepts a configurable CostPerStateByte, which defines the state creation gas cost increase

3. Implement new interfaces/methods added from ethereum/go-ethereum updates

• EmitLogsForBurnAccounts() has been implemented and tested
• IsNewContract() was already implemented in our custom StateDB interface implementation
• SelfDestruct() has been updated, to handle EIP-6780. Flow EVM genesis block was already on Dencun, so we only support SelfDestruct() with EIP-6780, not the legacy behavior prior to Dencun.
• SLOTNUM information is being injected in the EVM.BlockContext, to provide the value for the newly-added SLOTNUM opcode.

4. Implement & verify correctness of all EIPs included in Glamsterdam hard-fork

The following list contains the EIP-s which are non-applicable on Flow EVM, given that we do not use Ethereum's PoS mechanism/consensus layer:

• EIP-8045: Exclude slashed validators from proposing
• EIP-8061: Increase exit and consolidation churn
• EIP-8080: Let exits use the consolidation queue
• EIP-7688: Forward compatible consensus data structures
• EIP-7732: Enshrined Proposer-Builder Separation

The following list contains the EIP-s which are applicable for Flow EVM, but they are still in draft status, hence they are not yet implemented in Geth, and their inclusion on Glamsterdam hard-fork is not yet decided:

• [DRAFT] EIP-2780: Reduce intrinsic transaction gas
• [DRAFT] EIP-7904: General Repricing
• [DRAFT] EIP-8038: State-access gas cost increase
• [DRAFT] EIP-7997: Deterministic Factory Predeploy

The following list contains the EIPs which are applicable for Flow EVM, they are scheduled for inclusion on Glamsterdam hard-fork, and therefore should be implemented:

• EIP-7708: ETH transfers emit a log
  • EVMAddress.deposit
  • COA.deposit
  • COA.withdraw
  • COA.call
  • COA.deploy
• EIP-7954: Increase Maximum Contract Size
• EIP-8024: Backward compatible SWAPN, DUPN, EXCHANGE
• EIP-7778: Block Gas Accounting without Refunds
• EIP-7843: SLOTNUM opcode
• EIP-7976: Increase Calldata Floor Cost
• EIP-7981: Increase Access List Cost
• EIP-7928: Block-Level Access Lists
• EIP-8037: State Creation Gas Cost Increase

5. Update existing timestamp activation mechanism for hard-forks (Flow EVM testnet & mainnet)

Activation mechanism for Glamsterdam hard-fork upgrade has been updated.

• For Emulator / Previewnet networks Flow EVM already runs on Glamsterdam
• For Testnet / Mainnet a future date has been set. Upon exact date finalization from the Ethereum team, these will be updated to reflect the actual dates.