(package ...) doesn't work when package is installed and not in the workspace

Expected Behavior

Sorry if this is because I'm doing the wrong thing.

I have a test (part of package foo) that declares (deps (package bar)). When bar is installed, I would like dune runtest -p foo (with is what opam install -t foo does) to work.

Actual Behavior

It fails with

File "foo/dune", line 6, characters 0-81:
 6 | (rule
 7 |   (alias runtest)
 8 |   (deps (package bar))
 9 |   (action (run %{exe:main.exe}))
10 | )
Error: No rule found for alias .bar-files

Reproduction

The real life example is in the tezos codebase: https://gitlab.com/nomadic-labs/tezos/-/jobs/449208773 . That involves pinning and installing the dependencies of tezos-sandbox-tests and running dune runtest -p tezos-sandbox-tests.

A minimized example (I hope) is dune-deps-files.tar.gz. untar, cd, pin and install bar and dune runtest -p foo

the folder structure is

$ find plouf/ -print
plouf/
plouf/foo
plouf/foo/main.ml
plouf/foo/dune
plouf/dune-project
plouf/foo.opam
plouf/bar.opam
plouf/bar
plouf/bar/dune
plouf/bar/bar.mli
plouf/bar/bar.ml

with

$ cat plouf/bar/dune 
(library
 (name bar))

and

$ cat plouf/foo/dune 
(executable
  (name main)
  (public_name example)
  (package foo))

(rule
  (alias runtest)
  (package foo)
  (deps (package bar))
  (action (run %{exe:main.exe}))
)

Specifications

• Version of dune: 2.3.0 and 1.11.2
• Version of ocaml: 4.07.1 and 4.09.0
• Operating system: linux

Start with the minimized example and inspect foo/dune, bar/dune, and dune-project, focusing on how (deps (package bar)) is resolved when bar is installed outside the workspace. Reproduce with dune runtest -p foo after installing bar. Done means the command succeeds for the provided example and the existing error no longer occurs.