bug: trailing comma not working with `@parameter.outer`

Describe the bug
In many languages, I noticed that the trailing comma is not selected with @parameter.outer.

List of languages to be fixed. Tick the box to indicate they are fixed:

• Rust
• ECMA
• Python
• Lua
• C? C++? Go? And more.. (comment to report, I will update the issue.)

To Reproduce

In Lua, for example,

local a = {
  1,
  2,
  3,  -- <- cursor at comma
}

local b = {
  4,
  5,
  6,
}

selecting @parameter.outer will select 4, but we want 3,.

Expected behavior

selecting @parameter.outer will select 4, but we want 3,.

Output of :checkhealth nvim-treesitter

==============================================================================
nvim-treesitter: require("nvim-treesitter.health").check()

Installation ~

• ✅ OK tree-sitter found 0.25.3 (parser generator, only needed for :TSInstallFromGrammar)
• ✅ OK node found v23.11.0 (only needed for :TSInstallFromGrammar)
• ✅ OK git executable found.
• ✅ OK cc executable found. Selected from { vim.NIL, "cc", "gcc", "clang", "cl", "zig" }
  Version: Apple clang version 17.0.0 (clang-1700.0.13.3)
• ✅ OK Neovim was compiled with tree-sitter runtime ABI version 15 (required >=13). Parsers must be compatible with runtime ABI.

OS Info:
{
machine = "arm64",
release = "24.5.0",
sysname = "Darwin",
version = "Darwin Kernel Version 24.5.0: Tue Apr 22 19:54:49 PDT 2025; root:xnu-11417.121.6~2/RELEASE_ARM64_T6000"
} ~

Parser/Features H L F I J

• bash ✓ ✓ ✓ . ✓
• bibtex ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• c ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• c_sharp ✓ ✓ ✓ . ✓
• cmake ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• cpp ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• css ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• csv ✓ . . . .
• diff ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• dockerfile ✓ . . . ✓
• editorconfig ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• fortran ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• git_config ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• git_rebase ✓ . . . ✓
• gitattributes ✓ ✓ . . ✓
• gitcommit ✓ . . . ✓
• gitignore ✓ . . . ✓
• haskell ✓ ✓ ✓ . ✓
• html ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• ini ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• java ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• javascript ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• json ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ .
• jsonc ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• latex ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• lua ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• make ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• markdown ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• markdown_inline ✓ . . . ✓
• perl ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• php ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• po ✓ . ✓ . ✓
• powershell ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• prolog ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• pymanifest ✓ . . . ✓
• python ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• query ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• requirements ✓ . . . ✓
• rst ✓ ✓ . . ✓
• ruby ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• rust ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• sql ✓ . ✓ ✓ ✓
• ssh_config ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• tmux ✓ . . . ✓
• toml ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• tsv ✓ . . . .
• tsx ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• typescript ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• vim ✓ ✓ ✓ . ✓
• vimdoc ✓ . . . ✓
• xml ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
• yaml ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

Legend: H[ighlight], L[ocals], F[olds], I[ndents], In[j]ections
+) multiple parsers found, only one will be used
x) errors found in the query, try to run :TSUpdate {lang} ~

Output of nvim --version

NVIM v0.11.1
Build type: Release
LuaJIT 2.1.1744318430
Run "nvim -V1 -v" for more info

Additional Context

Make sure one element with and without comma are supported (don't break this)

local a = {1,}
local b = {2}

Selecting both 1, and 2 should still work, and not to select 1 without the comma.

Solution

Many existing implementations look like this:

((parameters
  "," @_start
  .
  (_) @parameter.inner)
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @parameter.inner))

((parameters
  .
  (_) @parameter.inner
  .
  ","? @_end)
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @parameter.inner @_end))

I propose to change to this. It's more intuitive separated by cases, although, a little longer.

(parameters
  (_) @parameter.inner)

; first element, with or without comma
((parameters
  .
  (_) @_start
  .
  ","? @_end)
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @_end))

; second to last element (with leading comma)
((parameters
  "," @_start
  .
  (_) @_end)
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @_end))

; last element, with trailing comma
((parameters
  (_) @_start
  .
  "," @_end
  (comment)* .)  ; ignore trailing comments
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @_end))

In fact, due to #768, I think it may make sense to match trailing comma in all cases, not only for the first element. The below example do that but the last element fails to grab the leading comma.

; WARNING: not working properly with the last element.
(parameters
  (_) @parameter.inner)

; with or without trailing comma
; NOTE: this fails to select the leading comma at the last element..
((parameters
  (_) @_start
  .
  ","? @_end)
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @_end))

; last element, with leading comma
((parameters
  "," @_start
  .
  (_) @_start
  .
  (comment)* .)  ; ignore trailing comments
  (#make-range! "parameter.outer" @_start @_end))

Start by inspecting the language-specific parameter queries for the listed Rust, ECMA, Python, and Lua cases, using the provided Lua reproduction and proposed Tree-sitter Query patterns as references. Done means @parameter.outer consistently includes the relevant leading or trailing comma for elements with and without commas, without breaking existing selections.