[Bug]: S3 External Storage with Hetzner is causing errors and is slow

⚠️ This issue respects the following points: ⚠️

• This is a bug, not a question or a configuration/webserver/proxy issue.
• This issue is not already reported on Github OR Nextcloud Community Forum (I've searched it).
• Nextcloud Server is up to date. See Maintenance and Release Schedule for supported versions.
• I agree to follow Nextcloud's Code of Conduct.

Bug description

I have connected an external S3 storage (Object Storage from Hetzner) to my Nextcloud. The connection itself works fine and I can access files and upload new ones through Nextcloud but viewing files in the web interface is painfully slow and results in throwing a bunch of errors in the log files (see below). This is not related to a large amount of files, in fact some buckets I've tested and experienced this with only have a few dozen files in them. I can see in the logs that it fails to connect to the storage but it eventually seems to work after some time. I also don't get any error in the web interface, I just see the loading spinner for quite some time (a minute or so) and then everything is shown correctly.

I've tried to find the root cause of the errors but I'm unable to do so. I've checked and used the S3 storage with other clients and it works just fine without errors or lag/delays.

Steps to reproduce

1. Connect Hetzner Object Storage (Bucket) to Nextcloud
2. Create file structure
3. Try to view files through Nextcloud the web interface

Expected behavior

Reasonable performance when viewing files.

Nextcloud Server version

32

Operating system

Debian/Ubuntu

PHP engine version

PHP 8.2

Web server

Apache (supported)

Database engine version

MySQL

Is this bug present after an update or on a fresh install?

None

Are you using the Nextcloud Server Encryption module?

Encryption is Disabled

What user-backends are you using?

• Default user-backend (database)
• LDAP/ Active Directory
• SSO - SAML
• Other

Configuration report

{
    "system": {
        "instanceid": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "passwordsalt": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "secret": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "trusted_domains": [
            "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
            "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
            "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
            "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***"
        ],
        "datadirectory": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbtype": "mysql",
        "version": "32.0.2.2",
        "overwrite.cli.url": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbname": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbhost": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbport": "",
        "dbtableprefix": "oc_",
        "mysql.utf8mb4": true,
        "dbuser": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "dbpassword": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "installed": true,
        "memcache.local": "\\OC\\Memcache\\APCu",
        "memcache.distributed": "\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis",
        "memcache.locking": "\\OC\\Memcache\\Redis",
        "redis": {
            "host": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
            "port": 6379,
            "timeout": 0
        },
        "twofactor_enforced": "true",
        "twofactor_enforced_groups": [
            "Mitarbeiter",
            "Apotheken"
        ],
        "twofactor_enforced_excluded_groups": [
            "System",
            "ExternNo2FA",
            "guest_app",
            "Bots"
        ],
        "mail_from_address": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtpmode": "smtp",
        "mail_sendmailmode": "smtp",
        "mail_domain": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtphost": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtpport": "25",
        "mail_smtpsecure": "tls",
        "mail_smtpauth": 1,
        "mail_smtpname": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtppassword": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "mail_smtpauthtype": "LOGIN",
        "maintenance": false,
        "default_language": "de",
        "default_locale": "de_DE",
        "theme": "",
        "loglevel": 2,
        "log.condition": [
            {
                "app": "spreed-bfp"
            }
        ],
        "default_phone_region": "DE",
        "app_install_overwrite": {
            "1": "flow_notifications",
            "2": "twofactor_admin",
            "3": "webhooks",
            "4": "oidc_login"
        },
        "defaultapp": "dashboard",
        "session_lifetime": 86400,
        "remember_login_cookie_lifetime": 1296000,
        "auto_logout": false,
        "session_keepalive": true,
        "enable_previews": true,
        "enabledPreviewProviders": [
            "OC\\Preview\\TXT",
            "OC\\Preview\\MarkDown",
            "OC\\Preview\\OpenDocument",
            "OC\\Preview\\PDF",
            "OC\\Preview\\MSOffice2003",
            "OC\\Preview\\MSOfficeDoc",
            "OC\\Preview\\PDF",
            "OC\\Preview\\Image",
            "OC\\Preview\\Photoshop",
            "OC\\Preview\\TIFF",
            "OC\\Preview\\SVG",
            "OC\\Preview\\Font",
            "OC\\Preview\\MP3",
            "OC\\Preview\\Movie",
            "OC\\Preview\\MKV",
            "OC\\Preview\\MP4",
            "OC\\Preview\\AVI"
        ],
        "preview_max_memory": 1024,
        "preview_max_x": 1024,
        "preview_max_y": 1024,
        "preview_max_filesize_image": 200,
        "trashbin_retention_obligation": "30,60",
        "onlyoffice": {
            "verify_peer_off": true,
            "jwt_header": "AuthorizationJwt"
        },
        "preview_libreoffice_path": "\/usr\/bin\/libreoffice",
        "htaccess.RewriteBase": "\/",
        "allow_user_to_change_display_name": false,
        "lost_password_link": "disabled",
        "oidc_login_provider_url": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "oidc_login_client_id": "nextcloud",
        "oidc_login_client_secret": "***REMOVED SENSITIVE VALUE***",
        "oidc_login_auto_redirect": false,
        "oidc_login_end_session_redirect": false,
        "oidc_login_button_text": "Log in with Authelia",
        "oidc_login_hide_password_form": false,
        "oidc_login_use_id_token": true,
        "oidc_login_attributes": {
            "id": "preferred_username",
            "name": "name",
            "mail": "email",
            "groups": "groups"
        },
        "oidc_login_default_group": "oidc",
        "oidc_login_use_external_storage": false,
        "oidc_login_scope": "openid profile email groups",
        "oidc_login_proxy_ldap": false,
        "oidc_login_disable_registration": true,
        "oidc_login_redir_fallback": false,
        "oidc_login_alt_login_page": "assets\/login.php",
        "oidc_login_tls_verify": true,
        "oidc_create_groups": false,
        "oidc_login_webdav_enabled": false,
        "oidc_login_password_authentication": false,
        "oidc_login_public_key_caching_time": 86400,
        "oidc_login_min_time_between_jwks_requests": 10,
        "oidc_login_well_known_caching_time": 86400,
        "oidc_login_update_avatar": false,
        "auth.webauthn.enabled": false,
        "updater.release.channel": "stable",
        "maintenance_window_start": 1
    }
}

List of activated Apps

Enabled:
  - activity: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - announcementcenter: 7.2.2
  - app_api: 32.0.0
  - approval: 2.6.0
  - bookmarks: 16.0.1
  - bruteforcesettings: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - calendar: 6.1.1
  - cloud_federation_api: 1.16.0
  - comments: 1.22.0
  - contacts: 8.1.1
  - contactsinteraction: 1.13.1
  - dashboard: 7.12.0
  - dav: 1.34.2
  - deck: 1.16.2
  - federatedfilesharing: 1.22.0
  - federation: 1.22.0
  - files: 2.4.0
  - files_accesscontrol: 3.0.2
  - files_antivirus: 6.1.0
  - files_automatedtagging: 3.0.1
  - files_downloadlimit: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - files_external: 1.24.0
  - files_pdfviewer: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - files_reminders: 1.5.0
  - files_retention: 3.0.0
  - files_sharing: 1.24.1
  - files_trashbin: 1.22.0
  - files_versions: 1.25.0
  - flow_notifications: 3.0.0
  - fulltextsearch_elasticsearch: 32.0.0
  - groupfolders: 20.1.5
  - logreader: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - lookup_server_connector: 1.20.0
  - news: 27.2.0
  - nextcloud_announcements: 4.0.0-dev.0
  - notes: 4.12.4
  - notifications: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - oauth2: 1.20.0
  - oidc_login: 3.2.2
  - password_policy: 4.0.0-dev.0
  - passwords: 2025.12.10
  - privacy: 4.0.0-dev.0
  - profile: 1.1.0
  - provisioning_api: 1.22.0
  - related_resources: 3.0.0-dev.0
  - richdocuments: 9.0.2
  - settings: 1.15.1
  - sharebymail: 1.22.0
  - spreed: 22.0.4
  - support: 4.0.0-dev.0
  - systemtags: 1.22.0
  - text: 6.0.1
  - theming: 2.7.0
  - theming_customcss: 1.19.0
  - twofactor_admin: 4.9.0
  - twofactor_backupcodes: 1.21.0
  - twofactor_nextcloud_notification: 6.0.0-dev.0
  - twofactor_totp: 14.0.0
  - twofactor_webauthn: 2.4.1
  - updatenotification: 1.22.0
  - user_saml: 7.1.1
  - user_status: 1.12.0
  - viewer: 5.0.0-dev.0
  - weather_status: 1.12.0
  - webhook_listeners: 1.3.0
  - workflow_pdf_converter: 3.0.0
  - workflow_script: 3.0.0
  - workflowengine: 2.14.0
Disabled:
  - admin_audit: 1.22.0
  - circles: 32.0.0 (installed 27.0.1)
  - encryption: 2.20.0
  - firstrunwizard: 5.0.0-dev.0 (installed 2.12.0)
  - fulltextsearch: 31.0.0 (installed 31.0.0)
  - mail: 5.0.3 (installed 5.0.3)
  - photos: 5.0.0-dev.1 (installed 2.0.1)
  - polls: 7.4.2 (installed 7.4.2)
  - recommendations: 5.0.0-dev.0 (installed 1.6.0)
  - serverinfo: 4.0.0-dev.0 (installed 1.17.0)
  - survey_client: 4.0.0-dev.0 (installed 1.15.0)
  - suspicious_login: 10.0.0-dev.0
  - user_ldap: 1.23.0
  - webhooks: 0.4.3 (installed 0.4.3)
  - welcome: 1.2.1 (installed 1.2.1)

Nextcloud Signing status

No errors have been found.

Nextcloud Logs

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{"reqId":"5liwgMd70Hw8fUUP839f","level":2,"time":"2026-01-04T19:03:29+00:00","remoteAddr":"***","user":"***","app":"PHP","method":"PROPFIND","url":"/remote.php/dav/files/***/***/","message":"fopen(https://***.nbg1.your-objectstorage.com/Archiv): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\n at /var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/ObjectStore/S3ObjectTrait.php#74","userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","version":"32.0.2.2","data":{"app":"PHP"}}
{"reqId":"5liwgMd70Hw8fUUP839f","level":2,"time":"2026-01-04T19:03:29+00:00","remoteAddr":"***","user":"***","app":"PHP","method":"PROPFIND","url":"/remote.php/dav/files/***/***/","message":"fopen(httpseek://): Failed to open stream: "OC\\Files\\Stream\\SeekableHttpStream::stream_open" call failed at /var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Stream/SeekableHttpStream.php#50","userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","version":"32.0.2.2","data":{"app":"PHP"}}
{"reqId":"5liwgMd70Hw8fUUP839f","level":3,"time":"2026-01-04T19:03:29+00:00","remoteAddr":"***","user":"***","app":"files_external","method":"PROPFIND","url":"/remote.php/dav/files/***/***/","message":"Failed to read object Archiv","userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36","version":"32.0.2.2","exception":{"Exception":"Exception","Message":"Failed to read object Archiv","Code":0,"Trace":[{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/files_external/lib/Lib/Storage/AmazonS3.php","line":446,"function":"readObject","class":"OCA\\Files_External\\Lib\\Storage\\AmazonS3","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Wrapper.php","line":143,"function":"fopen","class":"OCA\\Files_External\\Lib\\Storage\\AmazonS3","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/PermissionsMask.php","line":98,"function":"fopen","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\Wrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Wrapper.php","line":143,"function":"fopen","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\PermissionsMask","type":"->"},{"function":"fopen","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\Wrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Availability.php","line":83,"function":"call_user_func_array"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Availability.php","line":178,"function":"handleAvailability","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\Availability","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/files_antivirus/lib/AvirWrapper.php","line":76,"function":"fopen","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\Availability","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/Storage/Wrapper/Wrapper.php","line":143,"function":"fopen","class":"OCA\\Files_Antivirus\\AvirWrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/files_accesscontrol/lib/StorageWrapper.php","line":236,"function":"fopen","class":"OC\\Files\\Storage\\Wrapper\\Wrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/richdocuments/lib/Storage/SecureViewWrapper.php","line":45,"function":"fopen","class":"OCA\\FilesAccessControl\\StorageWrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/richdocuments/lib/Service/SecureViewService.php","line":36,"function":"fopen","class":"OCA\\Richdocuments\\Storage\\SecureViewWrapper","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/richdocuments/lib/DAV/SecureViewPlugin.php","line":74,"function":"shouldSecure","class":"OCA\\Richdocuments\\Service\\SecureViewService","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/richdocuments/lib/DAV/SecureViewPlugin.php","line":56,"function":"isDownloadable","class":"OCA\\Richdocuments\\DAV\\SecureViewPlugin","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/event/lib/WildcardEmitterTrait.php","line":89,"function":"handleGetProperties","class":"OCA\\Richdocuments\\DAV\\SecureViewPlugin","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/Server.php","line":1052,"function":"emit","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/Server.php","line":984,"function":"getPropertiesByNode","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/Server.php","line":1664,"function":"getPropertiesIteratorForPath","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/Server.php","line":1649,"function":"writeMultiStatus","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/CorePlugin.php","line":346,"function":"generateMultiStatus","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/event/lib/WildcardEmitterTrait.php","line":89,"function":"httpPropFind","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\CorePlugin","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/3rdparty/sabre/dav/lib/DAV/Server.php","line":472,"function":"emit","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/dav/lib/Connector/Sabre/Server.php","line":211,"function":"invokeMethod","class":"Sabre\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/dav/lib/Server.php","line":424,"function":"start","class":"OCA\\DAV\\Connector\\Sabre\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/apps/dav/appinfo/v2/remote.php","line":22,"function":"exec","class":"OCA\\DAV\\Server","type":"->"},{"file":"/var/www/nextcloud/remote.php","line":151,"args":["/var/www/nextcloud/apps/dav/appinfo/v2/remote.php"],"function":"require_once"}],"File":"/var/www/nextcloud/lib/private/Files/ObjectStore/S3ObjectTrait.php","Line":77,"message":"Failed to read object Archiv","exception":{},"CustomMessage":"Failed to read object Archiv"}}

Additional info

No response

Start by reproducing the PROPFIND request against the Hetzner S3 storage and inspect apps/files_external/lib/Lib/Storage/AmazonS3.php around line 446 and lib/private/Files/Stream/SeekableHttpStream.php around line 50. Compare the logged failures with the slow file listing behavior. Done means the external storage can be browsed with reasonable performance without the reported read and stream errors.