[Bug]: ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"

⚠️ This issue respects the following points: ⚠️

• This is a bug, not a question or a configuration/webserver/proxy issue.
• This issue is not already reported on Github OR Nextcloud Community Forum (I've searched it).
• Nextcloud Server is up to date. See Maintenance and Release Schedule for supported versions.
• I agree to follow Nextcloud's Code of Conduct.

Bug description

Using AIO, with 27.1.0.7
Seeing:

2023-11-07 08:03:46.639 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.639 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, c3d74eff1486eadc1589bf4c7f3d3c36) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.639 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
2023-11-07 08:03:46.642 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.642 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, 946a8b60665758d00a25d56c30db6f09) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.642 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
2023-11-07 08:03:46.645 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.645 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, 971bc299fe96732c655262821634af17) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.645 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
2023-11-07 08:03:46.648 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.648 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, 879cbeb279c9a99ac9e8e7370b8d2cc7) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.648 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
2023-11-07 08:03:46.650 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.650 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, 4a0420a8cad471bac8f24c6d58bab16d) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.650 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)
2023-11-07 08:03:46.654 UTC [20963] ERROR:  duplicate key value violates unique constraint "fs_storage_path_hash"
2023-11-07 08:03:46.654 UTC [20963] DETAIL:  Key (storage, path_hash)=(3, 903b9080f3f3a897c56ed063347b143c) already exists.
2023-11-07 08:03:46.654 UTC [20963] STATEMENT:  INSERT INTO "oc_filecache" ("mimepart", "mimetype", "mtime", "size", "etag", "storage_mtime", "permissions", "name", "parent", "checksum", "path_hash", "path", "storage") VALUES($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13)

Steps to reproduce

1. just using NC

Expected behavior

No errors

Installation method

None

Nextcloud Server version

27

Operating system

Debian/Ubuntu

PHP engine version

None

Web server

None

Database engine version

None

Is this bug present after an update or on a fresh install?

None

Are you using the Nextcloud Server Encryption module?

None

What user-backends are you using?

• Default user-backend (database)
• LDAP/ Active Directory
• SSO - SAML
• Other

Configuration report

No response

List of activated Apps

No response

Nextcloud Signing status

No response

Nextcloud Logs

No response

Additional info

Very little info possible.
If you need anything, please write :)

Start by reproducing the duplicate-key errors with the reported AIO and Nextcloud 27.1 setup, using the provided PostgreSQL statements and the oc_filecache table as the entry point. Trace how repeated inserts produce the fs_storage_path_hash violation. Done means the reported operation completes without these duplicate-key errors and the behavior is covered by a regression check.