Shorten weak password message

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Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
As discussed with @JuliaKirschenheuter the warning when a password is weak is too long. In #35655 as an intermediary step the message is being displayed in a notification rather than a tooltip, but we discussed that going forward, we should shorten the warning and display it nearer to the password field. Currently it looks like:

Describe the solution you'd like
Show a concise message when the password entered is too weak. for eg:

Your password is weak. Make sure your password is 
* at least 4 characters long
* unique

Once this is done it can moved nearer to the password field.

Describe alternatives you've considered
Another option can be to validate password strength as they are being typed, as we have seen on many websites which have a password strength indicator which looks like a sectioned progress bar. This seems (to me) to be more technically complicated but it would cause the weak password notification to be seen less frequently as people will adjust their password before they submit it.

Additional context
n/a

cc @jancborchardt

Start by locating the current weak-password warning and the password field that displays it, then review issue #35655 for the notification change. Confirm where the message is generated and how it is positioned near the field. Done means a concise warning shows the stated password requirements near the password field.