Atlas Engine fails to colour a character at certain text sizes

### Windows Terminal version

1.18.3181.0

### Windows build number

10.0.22631.0

### Other Software

starship 1.17.1

### Steps to reproduce

- Install starship on PowerShell
- Use the following config (at %userprofile%\\.config\starship.toml): [starship.zip](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/14003159/starship.zip)
- Use the following font: [MonoLisaNerdFont-Regular.zip](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/14003157/MonoLisaNerdFont-Regular.zip)

Attempt with AtlasEngine text renderer set to off and you should notice that it no longer fails to colour the character.

### Expected Behavior

Arrow should stay green.

### Actual Behavior

https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/assets/98427312/8f2fee76-2491-4568-89a2-dd875e4d7ab8

Start by reproducing the rendering difference in Windows Terminal with AtlasEngine enabled, the supplied Starship configuration, and MonoLisaNerdFont-Regular at the affected text sizes. Compare the result with AtlasEngine disabled and verify that the arrow remains green; the issue does not name a source file or test to begin with.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.