Resizing window when running python TUI app results in crash

### Windows Terminal version

1.16.2641.0

### Windows build number

10.0.190044.1889

### Other Software

python 3.10.6
prompt_toolkit 3.0.30

### Steps to reproduce

In my prompt_toolkit python app, if I vigorously resize the terminal window it eventually crashes. This only happens with Atlas Engine enabled in settings. Attaching Visual Studio points to a memory related issue.

Iv'e had trouble making my python program smaller and still exhibit the problem, so I am unable to share it at the moment. I can reproduce it easily though. It does use an emoji (), but nothing special as far as I know other than that.

Attached a few different backtraces:
[bt1.txt](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/9646551/bt1.txt)
[bt2.txt](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/9646552/bt2.txt)
[bt3.txt](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/9646553/bt3.txt)
[bt4.txt](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/9646554/bt4.txt)
[bt5.txt](https://github.com/microsoft/terminal/files/9646555/bt5.txt)

The small program I tried to reproduce this bug with is here, it does not quite do it though but should be close:
https://gist.github.com/sandos/fc1ae1d5abf0e9609228b18766a49612

### Expected Behavior

No crash on resizing window.

### Actual Behavior

Windows Terminal Preview crashes silently.

Start by reviewing the attached bt1.txt through bt5.txt backtraces and the linked gist reproduction, then try reproducing the crash while vigorously resizing a Windows Terminal window with Atlas Engine enabled. Done means identifying and fixing the memory-related crash so resizing no longer terminates Windows Terminal.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.