[Windows] Linker error "undefined symbol: quantize_i2_s" when building with -q i2_s or -q tl2 on Windows 11
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Description
When attempting to build the project on Windows at 16da220ae2b510caff437d403288882687f44ae5 using python setup_env.py -md models/BitNet-b1.58-2B-4T -q tl2(or -q i2_s), the build fails during the CMake linking phase.
The linker (lld-link) reports undefined symbol errors for quantize_i2_s and dequantize_row_i2_s inside ggml-base.vcxproj.
It appears that recent updates in the 3rdparty/llama.cpp submodule (specifically ggml.c) reference the i2_s quantization symbols, but the source files implementing these i2_s functions are not included in the compilation target, causing a linker failure.
Terminal Output:
(.venv) PS D:\Projects\BitNet> python setup_env.py -md models/BitNet-b1.58-2B-4T -q tl2
INFO:root:Compiling the code using CMake.
ERROR:root:Error occurred while running command: Command '['cmake', '--build', 'build', '--config', 'Release']' returned non-zero exit status 1., check details in logs\compile.log
Relevant Section from logs/compile.log:
lld-link : error : undefined symbol: quantize_i2_s [D:\Projects\BitNet\build\3rdparty\llama.cpp\ggml\src\ggml-base.vcxproj]
>>> referenced by ggml-base.dir\Release\ggml.c.obj:(ggml_quantize_chunk)
lld-link : error : undefined symbol: dequantize_row_i2_s [D:\Projects\BitNet\build\3rdparty\llama.cpp\ggml\src\ggml-base.vcxproj]
>>> referenced by ggml-base.dir\Release\ggml.c.obj:(type_traits)
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/common/CMakeLists.txt
llama-common-base.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\3rdparty\llama.cpp\common\Release\llama-common-base.lib
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/tools/mtmd/CMakeLists.txt
llama-gemma3-cli.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\bin\Release\llama-gemma3-cli.exe
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/tools/mtmd/CMakeLists.txt
llama-llava-cli.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\bin\Release\llama-llava-cli.exe
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/tools/mtmd/CMakeLists.txt
llama-minicpmv-cli.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\bin\Release\llama-minicpmv-cli.exe
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/tools/mtmd/CMakeLists.txt
llama-qwen2vl-cli.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\bin\Release\llama-qwen2vl-cli.exe
Building Custom Rule D:/Projects/BitNet/3rdparty/llama.cpp/tools/ui/CMakeLists.txt
llama-ui.vcxproj -> D:\Projects\BitNet\build\3rdparty\llama.cpp\tools\ui\Release\llama-ui.lib
Environment:
- OS: Windows 11 Home (Build 10.0.26200)
- Compiler / Toolchain: Visual Studio 2026 + Clang 22.1.3 (x86_64-pc-windows-msvc)
- CMake Version: 4.3.1-msvc1
- Python Version: 3.10.11
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First steps
- Read the whole issue, then the project's contributing guide.
- Comment on the issue to say you are picking it up — it saves two people doing the same work.
- Fork the repository and make your change on a branch.
- Open a pull request that references the issue number.
Research direction
Start with 3rdparty/llama.cpp/ggml.c and the CMake targets that produce ggml-base.vcxproj, then reproduce the failure with setup_env.py using -q tl2 or -q i2_s. Trace where quantize_i2_s and dequantize_row_i2_s are defined and whether their source files enter the Windows target. Done means both commands complete the CMake build without the undefined-symbol linker errors.
Written by the indexing model from the issue text.
Assessment
- Tech stack
- cmake, cpp
- Domain
- build-system
- Issue type
- Bug
- Difficulty
- 3/5
- Estimated time
- 1-2 days
- Activity status
- Quiet
- Clarity
- Mostly clear
- Newbie friendliness
- 62/100