Use theme chart colors in a consistent sequence across visualizations

**What problem will this feature request solve?**
The instance theme can define 24 chart colors, but charts do not use those colors in that order. Color assignment differs from chart to chart.

You can set series colors on one chart, but that only applies to the current series set. There is no setting that makes every chart and every parameter variation use the theme palette in the same sequence.

**Describe the solution you'd like.**
We woud like charts to use the theme’s chart colors in the order they are defined, consistently across visualizations and across parameter-driven series changes, without setting colors by hand for every variation.

**How does this feature request impact you?**
Dashboards look inconsistent. Matching colors by hand on every chart and every filter option does not scale.

**Additional information**
Customer request.

Related but different: [#30890](https://github.com/metabase/metabase/issues/30890) (ordered palette vs hash assignment), [#28669](https://github.com/metabase/metabase/issues/28669) and [#66110](https://github.com/metabase/metabase/issues/66110) (same category always the same color).

Start by reviewing the behavior described for theme chart colors and the related issues #30890, #28669, and #66110 to understand the existing palette-assignment approaches. Done means every visualization and parameter-driven series variation uses the theme chart colors in their defined order without manual per-chart color settings.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.