`map.setTerrain` makes vector tiles disappear

Nobody has claimed this yet.

**mapbox-gl-js version**: 3.5.2

**browser**: chrome 127.0.6533.72 (Official Build) (64-bit)

First of all, I want to thank you for this awesome project!

### Steps to Trigger Behavior

1. Load vector tiles data source with `maxzoom` set to 0 (`map.addSource(id, { ..., maxzoom: 0 });`)
2. Set Terrain `map.setTerrain({ source: "mapbox-dem", exaggeration: 1 });` (there are no problems if set `map.setTerrain(null);`)
3. Zoom in 14 points more than the data source `maxzoom` (in my case 0 + 14 = 14)

### Link to Demonstration

[demo](https://codesandbox.io/p/sandbox/dry-pine-vvzzpn?layout=%257B%2522sidebarPanel%2522%253A%2522EXPLORER%2522%252C%2522rootPanelGroup%2522%253A%257B%2522direction%2522%253A%2522horizontal%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522UNKNOWN%2522%252C%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL_GROUP%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522ROOT_LAYOUT%2522%252C%2522panels%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL_GROUP%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522UNKNOWN%2522%252C%2522direction%2522%253A%2522vertical%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00072a690qpvcx38%2522%252C%2522sizes%2522%253A%255Bnull%252Cnull%255D%252C%2522panels%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL_GROUP%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522EDITOR%2522%252C%2522direction%2522%253A%2522horizontal%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522EDITOR%2522%252C%2522panels%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522EDITOR%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00032a69fpud4uo7%2522%257D%255D%257D%252C%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL_GROUP%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522SHELLS%2522%252C%2522direction%2522%253A%2522horizontal%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522SHELLS%2522%252C%2522panels%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522SHELLS%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00042a693lfvbnqy%2522%257D%255D%252C%2522sizes%2522%253A%255B100%255D%257D%255D%257D%252C%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL_GROUP%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522DEVTOOLS%2522%252C%2522direction%2522%253A%2522vertical%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522DEVTOOLS%2522%252C%2522panels%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522type%2522%253A%2522PANEL%2522%252C%2522contentType%2522%253A%2522DEVTOOLS%2522%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6ymm8200o42a69z4lze8gd%2522%257D%255D%252C%2522sizes%2522%253A%255B100%255D%257D%255D%252C%2522sizes%2522%253A%255B56.79805340811876%252C43.20194659188124%255D%257D%252C%2522tabbedPanels%2522%253A%257B%2522clz6wq3zp00032a69fpud4uo7%2522%253A%257B%2522tabs%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00022a690vsr3xh7%2522%252C%2522mode%2522%253A%2522permanent%2522%252C%2522type%2522%253A%2522FILE%2522%252C%2522initialSelections%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522startLineNumber%2522%253A14%252C%2522startColumn%2522%253A1%252C%2522endLineNumber%2522%253A14%252C%2522endColumn%2522%253A1%257D%255D%252C%2522filepath%2522%253A%2522%252Fsrc%252FCustomMap.tsx%2522%252C%2522state%2522%253A%2522IDLE%2522%257D%255D%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00032a69fpud4uo7%2522%252C%2522activeTabId%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00022a690vsr3xh7%2522%257D%252C%2522clz6wq3zp00042a693lfvbnqy%2522%253A%257B%2522tabs%2522%253A%255B%255D%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6wq3zp00042a693lfvbnqy%2522%257D%252C%2522clz6ymm8200o42a69z4lze8gd%2522%253A%257B%2522tabs%2522%253A%255B%257B%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6yl8er00o12a69zjd6tm6d%2522%252C%2522mode%2522%253A%2522permanent%2522%252C%2522type%2522%253A%2522UNASSIGNED_PORT%2522%252C%2522port%2522%253A0%252C%2522path%2522%253A%2522%252F%2522%257D%255D%252C%2522id%2522%253A%2522clz6ymm8200o42a69z4lze8gd%2522%252C%2522activeTabId%2522%253A%2522clz6yl8er00o12a69zjd6tm6d%2522%257D%257D%252C%2522showDevtools%2522%253Atrue%252C%2522showShells%2522%253Afalse%252C%2522showSidebar%2522%253Atrue%252C%2522sidebarPanelSize%2522%253A17.98179529755356%257D)

### Expected Behavior

Figures don't disappear

### Actual Behavior
Polygons disappear under `maxzoom` + 14

Points disappear when changing the angle of the camera on a high-zoom

It might be helpful to know how I split a geojson file into tiles. The original geojson, script, and tiles can be found in the following [resources.zip](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/16414202/resources.zip)

Run the linked CodeSandbox in Chrome and reproduce the disappearance using map.addSource with maxzoom 0, map.setTerrain, and a zoom 14 points higher. Compare the polygon and point cases, then inspect the supplied resources.zip if needed. Done means vector-tile figures remain visible with terrain enabled at the reported zoom and camera angles.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.