Symbols getting clipped when rendering too many

Nobody has claimed this yet.

**mapbox-gl-js version**: 2.15.0

**browser**: Chrome version 114.0.5735.198

### Steps to Trigger Behavior

1. Create a source
2. Create a symbol icon type layer
3. Add more than 32768 points close to each other
4. Zoom out and then zoom in for show clipped symbols (error occurs on zoom 9-)


### Expected Behavior

Symbols render normally

### Actual Behavior

Symbols are not rendering

### Code to demonstration

```html

mapboxgl.accessToken = "<access_token>"

var map = new mapboxgl.Map({
container: 'map',
style: 'mapbox://styles/mapbox/streets-v12', // stylesheet location
center: [-46.50, -23.90], // starting position [lng, lat]
zoom: 9 // starting zoom
});

map.showTileBoundaries = true;

map.loadImage('https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/201408_cat.png', function(error, image) {
if (error) throw error;

map.addImage('custom-marker', image);

var points = [];

for (var i = 0; i < 42000; i++) {
var lngLat = [
-46.50 + (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.40,
-23.90 + (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.40
];
points.push({
type: 'Feature',
geometry: {
type: 'Point',
coordinates: lngLat
}
});
}

map.on('load', function() {
map.addLayer({
id: 'points',
type: 'symbol',
source: {
type: 'geojson',
data: {
type: 'FeatureCollection',
features: points
}
},
layout: {
'icon-allow-overlap': true,
'icon-image': 'custom-marker',
'icon-size': 0.05
}
});
});
});

Start by running the supplied Chrome reproduction with 42,000 symbol points and zooming around level 9. Trace the symbol rendering path to find where counts above 32,768 are clipped or omitted. Done means the symbols render normally while zooming in and out, with coverage for the reproduced case if the relevant test location is identified.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.