[clang] assertion failure at clang::TypeInfo clang::ASTContext::getTypeInfoImpl

The following code:

```cpp
template struct S : public CBdVfsImpl {
double A[Size];
};
template struct SS {
S A[Size];
void foo() { SS<-123> ss; }
}
```

Resulted in this output:
```
/tmp/test.cpp:1:44: error: expected class name
1 | template struct S : public CBdVfsImpl {
| ^
/tmp/test.cpp:3:2: error: expected ';' after struct
3 | }
| ^
| ;
/tmp/test.cpp:6:28: error: expected '}'
6 | void foo() { SS<-123> ss; }
| ^
/tmp/test.cpp:4:36: note: to match this '{'
4 | template struct SS {
| ^
/tmp/test.cpp:6:17: error: non-type template argument evaluates to -123, which cannot be narrowed to type 'unsigned int' [-Wc++11-narrowing]
6 | void foo() { SS<-123> ss; }
| ^
clang++: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-project/clang/lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp:2143: clang::TypeInfo clang::ASTContext::getTypeInfoImpl(const clang::Type*) const: Assertion `(Size == 0 || EltInfo.Width <= (uint64_t)(-1) / Size) && "Overflow in array type bit size evaluation"' failed.
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace and dumped files.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin/clang++ -S -o /dev/null -O3 -std=c++20 /tmp/test.cpp
1. /tmp/test.cpp:6:25: current parser token ';'
2. /tmp/test.cpp:4:26: parsing struct/union/class body 'SS'
3. /tmp/test.cpp:6:12: parsing function body 'SS::foo'
4. /tmp/test.cpp:6:12: in compound statement ('{}')
Stack dump without symbol names (ensure you have llvm-symbolizer in your PATH or set the environment var `LLVM_SYMBOLIZER_PATH` to point to it):
0 clang++ 0x0000559b5a84a0f9 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) + 121
1 clang++ 0x0000559b5a846dcc llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() + 76
2 clang++ 0x0000559b5a847678 llvm::sys::CleanupOnSignal(unsigned long) + 216
3 clang++ 0x0000559b5a789f88
4 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb482520
5 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb4d69fc pthread_kill + 300
6 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb482476 raise + 22
7 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb4687f3 abort + 211
8 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb46871b
9 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb479e96
10 clang++ 0x0000559b5e004531 clang::ASTContext::getTypeInfoImpl(clang::Type const*) const + 4817
11 clang++ 0x0000559b5e0015e9 clang::ASTContext::getTypeInfo(clang::Type const*) const + 105
12 clang++ 0x0000559b5e0031b2 clang::ASTContext::getTypeAlignInChars(clang::QualType) const + 34
13 clang++ 0x0000559b5d24248b clang::Sema::CheckArgAlignment(clang::SourceLocation, clang::NamedDecl*, llvm::StringRef, clang::QualType, clang::QualType) + 443
14 clang++ 0x0000559b5d271be0 clang::Sema::CheckConstructorCall(clang::FunctionDecl*, clang::QualType, llvm::ArrayRef, clang::FunctionProtoType const*, clang::SourceLocation) + 464
15 clang++ 0x0000559b5d44b080 clang::Sema::CompleteConstructorCall(clang::CXXConstructorDecl*, clang::QualType, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::SourceLocation, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, bool, bool) + 448
16 clang++ 0x0000559b5d6d6dac
17 clang++ 0x0000559b5d6e710e clang::InitializationSequence::Perform(clang::Sema&, clang::InitializedEntity const&, clang::InitializationKind const&, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::QualType*) + 6238
18 clang++ 0x0000559b5d46c6d8
19 clang++ 0x0000559b5d46d194
20 clang++ 0x0000559b5d49e56b clang::Sema::SetCtorInitializers(clang::CXXConstructorDecl*, bool, llvm::ArrayRef) + 2779
21 clang++ 0x0000559b5d4b5806 clang::Sema::DefineImplicitDefaultConstructor(clang::SourceLocation, clang::CXXConstructorDecl*) + 630
22 clang++ 0x0000559b5eb9ace5 clang::StackExhaustionHandler::runWithSufficientStackSpace(clang::SourceLocation, llvm::function_ref) + 69
23 clang++ 0x0000559b5d6d7288
24 clang++ 0x0000559b5d6e710e clang::InitializationSequence::Perform(clang::Sema&, clang::InitializedEntity const&, clang::InitializationKind const&, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::QualType*) + 6238
25 clang++ 0x0000559b5d3be640
26 clang++ 0x0000559b5d012d1c clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationAfterDeclaratorAndAttributes(clang::Declarator&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo const&, clang::Parser::ForRangeInit*) + 380
27 clang++ 0x0000559b5d02d5bc clang::Parser::ParseDeclGroup(clang::ParsingDeclSpec&, clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::Parser::ForRangeInit*) + 2844
28 clang++ 0x0000559b5d03079c clang::Parser::ParseSimpleDeclaration(clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, bool, clang::Parser::ForRangeInit*, clang::SourceLocation*) + 860
29 clang++ 0x0000559b5d030ca3 clang::Parser::ParseDeclaration(clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::SourceLocation*) + 307
30 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0e7bfa clang::Parser::ParseStatementOrDeclarationAfterAttributes(llvm::SmallVector&, clang::Parser::ParsedStmtContext, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::LabelDecl*) + 5674
31 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0e854b clang::Parser::ParseStatementOrDeclaration(llvm::SmallVector&, clang::Parser::ParsedStmtContext, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::LabelDecl*) + 363
32 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0f07f7 clang::Parser::ParseCompoundStatementBody(bool) + 1639
33 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0f104f clang::Parser::ParseFunctionStatementBody(clang::Decl*, clang::Parser::ParseScope&) + 207
34 clang++ 0x0000559b5cffa11c clang::Parser::ParseLexedMethodDef(clang::Parser::LexedMethod&) + 684
35 clang++ 0x0000559b5cff8c7d clang::Parser::ParseLexedMethodDefs(clang::Parser::ParsingClass&) + 125
36 clang++ 0x0000559b5d04fa99 clang::Parser::ParseCXXMemberSpecification(clang::SourceLocation, clang::SourceLocation, clang::ParsedAttributes&, unsigned int, clang::Decl*) + 1561
37 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0524ff clang::Parser::ParseClassSpecifier(clang::tok::TokenKind, clang::SourceLocation, clang::DeclSpec&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::AccessSpecifier, bool, clang::Parser::DeclSpecContext, clang::ParsedAttributes&) + 8191
38 clang++ 0x0000559b5d021732 clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationSpecifiers(clang::DeclSpec&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::AccessSpecifier, clang::Parser::DeclSpecContext, clang::LateParsedAttrList*, clang::ImplicitTypenameContext) + 2994
39 clang++ 0x0000559b5d0fe339 clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationAfterTemplate(clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::ParsingDeclRAIIObject&, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::AccessSpecifier) + 2361
40 clang++ 0x0000559b5d10a5e8
41 clang++ 0x0000559b5d10aa0a clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationStartingWithTemplate(clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::ParsedAttributes&) + 250
42 clang++ 0x0000559b5d030df1 clang::Parser::ParseDeclaration(clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::SourceLocation*) + 641
43 clang++ 0x0000559b5cfe98d8 clang::Parser::ParseExternalDeclaration(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsingDeclSpec*) + 1288
44 clang++ 0x0000559b5cfea7df clang::Parser::ParseTopLevelDecl(clang::OpaquePtr&, clang::Sema::ModuleImportState&) + 575
45 clang++ 0x0000559b5cfc770a clang::ParseAST(clang::Sema&, bool, bool) + 586
46 clang++ 0x0000559b5b540071 clang::FrontendAction::Execute() + 65
47 clang++ 0x0000559b5b4c9c65 clang::CompilerInstance::ExecuteAction(clang::FrontendAction&) + 1589
48 clang++ 0x0000559b5b61bea3 clang::ExecuteCompilerInvocation(clang::CompilerInstance*) + 467
49 clang++ 0x0000559b5921ec96 cc1_main(llvm::ArrayRef, char const*, void*) + 7046
50 clang++ 0x0000559b59214a2a
51 clang++ 0x0000559b59214bbf
52 clang++ 0x0000559b5b25135d
53 clang++ 0x0000559b5a78a3a0 llvm::CrashRecoveryContext::RunSafely(llvm::function_ref) + 160
54 clang++ 0x0000559b5b2521b3
55 clang++ 0x0000559b5b207987 clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteCommand(clang::driver::Command const&, clang::driver::Command const*&, bool) const + 167
56 clang++ 0x0000559b5b20c1e0 clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteJobs(clang::driver::JobList const&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&, bool) const + 304
57 clang++ 0x0000559b5b219e44 clang::driver::Driver::ExecuteCompilation(clang::driver::Compilation&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&) + 404
58 clang++ 0x0000559b5921a2d3 clang_main(int, char**, llvm::ToolContext const&) + 7267
59 clang++ 0x0000559b5916c7a1 main + 113
60 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb469d90
61 libc.so.6 0x00007f9adb469e40 __libc_start_main + 128
62 clang++ 0x0000559b59214055 _start + 37
clang++: error: clang frontend command failed due to signal (use -v to see invocation)
clang version 24.0.0git (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git aefba88f46a6e55645c848f58f6ba56944d5ae62)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin
Build config: +assertions
clang++: note: diagnostic msg:
********************

PLEASE ATTACH THE FOLLOWING CRASH REPRODUCER FILES TO THE BUG REPORT:
clang++: note: diagnostic msg: /tmp/test-639661.cpp
clang++: note: diagnostic msg: /tmp/test-639661.sh
clang++: note: diagnostic msg:

********************
Aborted (core dumped)
```

To reproduce:
```
/home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin/clang++ ./test.cpp
```

Compiler version:
```
clang version 24.0.0git (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git aefba88f46a6e55645c848f58f6ba56944d5ae62)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin
Build config: +assertions
```

*This bug was found by [fusion-fuzz](https://github.com/fusion-fuzz/fusion-fuzz)*

Reproduce the crash with test.cpp using the clang++ command shown in the issue, then inspect clang/lib/AST/ASTContext.cpp around getTypeInfoImpl and the reported assertion. Trace how the malformed template and array types reach that code; done means the reproducer emits diagnostics without triggering an assertion failure.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.