[LifetimeSafety] Diagnose UAFs in high order functions

https://godbolt.org/z/5q64crznh

```cpp
#include
#include

using F = int *([[clang::lifetimebound]] int *);

int *g(F *f) {
int a = 42;
return f(&a);
}

int *h(std::function f) {
int a = 42;
return f(&a);
}

int main() {
F *f = +[]([[clang::lifetimebound]] int *p) { return p; };
int *result = g(f);
int *result2 = h(f);
printf("%d%d", *result, *result2);
}

```

`-Werror=lifetime-safety-all -fsanitize=address,undefined`

Start with the Godbolt reproducer and run it using -Werror=lifetime-safety-all -fsanitize=address,undefined. Compare the behavior of g and h, including the function-pointer and std::function paths, and determine which use-after-free cases are not diagnosed. Done means the high-order-function cases in the reproducer are correctly diagnosed or their expected behavior is documented in the relevant compiler tests.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.