[clang][objection-c] assertion failure at clang::TypeLoc::castAs in clang/AST/TypeLoc.h

The following code:

```objective-c++
@interface MutableSetOfArrays : NSMutableSet*>
```

Resulted in this output:
```
clang-24: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-project/clang/include/clang/AST/TypeLoc.h:79: T clang::TypeLoc::castAs() const [with T = clang::TypeSpecTypeLoc]: Assertion `T::isKind(*this)' failed.
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace and dumped files.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin/clang-24 -cc1 -triple x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu -emit-obj -dumpdir a- -disable-free -clear-ast-before-backend -main-file-name test.mm -mrelocation-model pic -pic-level 2 -pic-is-pie -mframe-pointer=all -fmath-errno -ffp-contract=on -fno-rounding-math -mconstructor-aliases -funwind-tables=2 -target-cpu x86-64 -tune-cpu generic -debugger-tuning=gdb -fdebug-compilation-dir=/home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang -fcoverage-compilation-dir=/home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang -resource-dir /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/lib/clang/24 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../include/c++/11 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/11 -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../include/c++/11/backward -internal-isystem /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/lib/clang/24/include -internal-isystem /usr/local/include -internal-isystem /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu -internal-externc-isystem /include -internal-externc-isystem /usr/include -fdeprecated-macro -ferror-limit 19 -fgnuc-version=4.2.1 -fskip-odr-check-in-gmf -fobjc-runtime=gcc -fobjc-encode-cxx-class-template-spec -fobjc-exceptions -fcxx-exceptions -fexceptions -faddrsig -fdwarf2-cfi-asm -o /tmp/test-be7a01.o -x objective-c++ /tmp/test.mm
1. /tmp/test.mm:1:57: current parser token 'T'
Stack dump without symbol names (ensure you have llvm-symbolizer in your PATH or set the environment var `LLVM_SYMBOLIZER_PATH` to point to it):
0 clang-24 0x000055f2bcc1a0f9 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) + 121
1 clang-24 0x000055f2bcc16dcc llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() + 76
2 clang-24 0x000055f2bcc16f32
3 clang-24 0x000055f2bcc16fec
4 libc.so.6 0x00007f495516b520
5 libc.so.6 0x00007f49551bf9fc pthread_kill + 300
6 libc.so.6 0x00007f495516b476 raise + 22
7 libc.so.6 0x00007f49551517f3 abort + 211
8 libc.so.6 0x00007f495515171b
9 libc.so.6 0x00007f4955162e96
10 clang-24 0x000055f2bf73dc59
11 clang-24 0x000055f2bf7c67da clang::Sema::ClassifyName(clang::Scope*, clang::CXXScopeSpec&, clang::IdentifierInfo*&, clang::SourceLocation, clang::Token const&, clang::CorrectionCandidateCallback*) + 714
12 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3b8011 clang::Parser::TryAnnotateName(clang::CorrectionCandidateCallback*, clang::ImplicitTypenameContext) + 657
13 clang-24 0x000055f2bf4df667 clang::Parser::isCXXDeclarationSpecifier(clang::ImplicitTypenameContext, clang::Parser::TPResult, bool*) + 5431
14 clang-24 0x000055f2bf4e18cc clang::Parser::isTemplateArgumentList(unsigned int) + 1580
15 clang-24 0x000055f2bf44a44d clang::Parser::ParseOptionalCXXScopeSpecifier(clang::CXXScopeSpec&, clang::OpaquePtr, bool, bool, bool*, bool, clang::IdentifierInfo const**, bool, bool, bool, bool, bool) + 3853
16 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3b7020 clang::Parser::TryAnnotateCXXScopeToken(bool) + 224
17 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3f3257 clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationSpecifiers(clang::DeclSpec&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::AccessSpecifier, clang::Parser::DeclSpecContext, clang::LateParsedAttrList*, clang::ImplicitTypenameContext) + 9943
18 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3f4c89 clang::Parser::ParseSpecifierQualifierList(clang::DeclSpec&, clang::ImplicitTypenameContext, clang::AccessSpecifier, clang::Parser::DeclSpecContext) + 89
19 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3f51ba clang::Parser::ParseTypeName(clang::SourceRange*, clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::AccessSpecifier, clang::Decl**, clang::ParsedAttributes*) + 506
20 clang-24 0x000055f2bf462a49 clang::Parser::parseObjCTypeArgsOrProtocolQualifiers(clang::OpaquePtr, clang::SourceLocation&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&, clang::SourceLocation&, clang::SourceLocation&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, clang::SourceLocation&, bool, bool) + 1945
21 clang-24 0x000055f2bf46cb2c clang::Parser::ParseObjCAtInterfaceDeclaration(clang::SourceLocation, clang::ParsedAttributes&) + 2444
22 clang-24 0x000055f2bf46d445 clang::Parser::ParseObjCAtDirectives(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&) + 1317
23 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3b9e70 clang::Parser::ParseExternalDeclaration(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsingDeclSpec*) + 2720
24 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3ba7df clang::Parser::ParseTopLevelDecl(clang::OpaquePtr&, clang::Sema::ModuleImportState&) + 575
25 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3babf4 clang::Parser::ParseFirstTopLevelDecl(clang::OpaquePtr&, clang::Sema::ModuleImportState&) + 68
26 clang-24 0x000055f2bf3976db clang::ParseAST(clang::Sema&, bool, bool) + 539
27 clang-24 0x000055f2bd910071 clang::FrontendAction::Execute() + 65
28 clang-24 0x000055f2bd899c65 clang::CompilerInstance::ExecuteAction(clang::FrontendAction&) + 1589
29 clang-24 0x000055f2bd9ebea3 clang::ExecuteCompilerInvocation(clang::CompilerInstance*) + 467
30 clang-24 0x000055f2bb5eec96 cc1_main(llvm::ArrayRef, char const*, void*) + 7046
31 clang-24 0x000055f2bb5e4a2a
32 clang-24 0x000055f2bb5e8dd5 clang_main(int, char**, llvm::ToolContext const&) + 1893
33 clang-24 0x000055f2bb53c7a1 main + 113
34 libc.so.6 0x00007f4955152d90
35 libc.so.6 0x00007f4955152e40 __libc_start_main + 128
36 clang-24 0x000055f2bb5e4055 _start + 37
clang++: error: unable to execute command: Aborted (core dumped)
clang++: error: clang frontend command failed with exit code -2 (use -v to see invocation)
clang version 24.0.0git (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git aefba88f46a6e55645c848f58f6ba56944d5ae62)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin
Build config: +assertions
clang++: note: diagnostic msg:
********************

PLEASE ATTACH THE FOLLOWING CRASH REPRODUCER FILES TO THE BUG REPORT:
clang++: note: diagnostic msg: /tmp/test-77c65e.mm
clang++: note: diagnostic msg: /tmp/test-77c65e.sh
clang++: note: diagnostic msg:

********************
Aborted (core dumped)
```

To reproduce:
```
/home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin/clang++ ./test.mm
```

Compiler version:
```
clang version 24.0.0git (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project.git aefba88f46a6e55645c848f58f6ba56944d5ae62)
Target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /home/fuzz/WorkSpace/fusion-fuzz/projects/clang/llvm-clang-install/bin
Build config: +assertions
```

*This bug was found by [fusion-fuzz](https://github.com/fusion-fuzz/fusion-fuzz)*

#201126

Reproduce the crash with the clang++ command and the Objective-C++ snippet. Start in clang/include/clang/AST/TypeLoc.h, then follow the parser path named in the stack, including parseObjCTypeArgsOrProtocolQualifiers and ParseObjCAtInterfaceDeclaration. Done means the reproducer no longer aborts on the assertion.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.