[clang] Assertion `!isa<CXXConstructorDecl>(MethodTmpl->getTemplatedDecl())' failed in -fms-compatibility mode

Reproducer:
https://godbolt.org/z/bb1vG8bdz
```cpp
class C {
template C(C &c) {}
};

void foo() {
C c;
c.C::C();
}
```

Backtrace:
```console
clang++: /root/llvm-project/llvm/tools/clang/lib/Sema/SemaOverload.cpp:11441: void clang::OverloadCandidateSet::AddDeferredMethodTemplateCandidate(clang::FunctionTemplateDecl*, clang::DeclAccessPair, clang::CXXRecordDecl*, clang::QualType, clang::Expr::Classification, llvm::ArrayRef, bool, bool, clang::OverloadCandidateParamOrder): Assertion `!isa(MethodTmpl->getTemplatedDecl())' failed.
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace and dumped files.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: /opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang++ -g -o /app/output.s -mllvm --x86-asm-syntax=intel -fno-verbose-asm -S --gcc-toolchain=/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-snapshot -fcolor-diagnostics -fno-crash-diagnostics -fms-compatibility
1. :7:10: current parser token ')'
2. :5:12: parsing function body 'foo'
3. :5:12: in compound statement ('{}')
#0 0x00000000043f9708 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x43f9708)
#1 0x00000000043f65c4 llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x43f65c4)
#2 0x00000000043f6bec llvm::sys::CleanupOnSignal(unsigned long) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x43f6bec)
#3 0x0000000004335c28 CrashRecoverySignalHandler(int) CrashRecoveryContext.cpp:0:0
#4 0x00007dbce0e45330 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x45330)
#5 0x00007dbce0e9eb2c pthread_kill (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x9eb2c)
#6 0x00007dbce0e4527e raise (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x4527e)
#7 0x00007dbce0e288ff abort (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x288ff)
#8 0x00007dbce0e2881b (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2881b)
#9 0x00007dbce0e3b517 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x3b517)
#10 0x000000000761e863 clang::OverloadCandidateSet::AddDeferredMethodTemplateCandidate(clang::FunctionTemplateDecl*, clang::DeclAccessPair, clang::CXXRecordDecl*, clang::QualType, clang::Expr::Classification, llvm::ArrayRef, bool, bool, clang::OverloadCandidateParamOrder) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x761e863)
#11 0x000000000765384b clang::Sema::BuildCallToMemberFunction(clang::Scope*, clang::Expr*, clang::SourceLocation, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::SourceLocation, clang::Expr*, bool, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x765384b)
#12 0x00000000072a1b2a clang::Sema::BuildCallExpr(clang::Scope*, clang::Expr*, clang::SourceLocation, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::SourceLocation, clang::Expr*, bool, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x72a1b2a)
#13 0x00000000072a756f clang::Sema::ActOnCallExpr(clang::Scope*, clang::Expr*, clang::SourceLocation, llvm::MutableArrayRef, clang::SourceLocation, clang::Expr*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x72a756f)
#14 0x0000000006d8da13 clang::Parser::ParsePostfixExpressionSuffix(clang::ActionResult) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d8da13)
#15 0x0000000006d863ea clang::Parser::ParseCastExpression(clang::CastParseKind, bool, bool&, clang::TypoCorrectionTypeBehavior, bool, bool*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d863ea)
#16 0x0000000006d88697 clang::Parser::ParseCastExpression(clang::CastParseKind, bool, clang::TypoCorrectionTypeBehavior, bool, bool*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d88697)
#17 0x0000000006d88729 clang::Parser::ParseAssignmentExpression(clang::TypoCorrectionTypeBehavior) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d88729)
#18 0x0000000006d8d019 clang::Parser::ParseExpression(clang::TypoCorrectionTypeBehavior) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d8d019)
#19 0x0000000006e17e99 clang::Parser::ParseExprStatement(clang::Parser::ParsedStmtContext) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6e17e99)
#20 0x0000000006e0f87f clang::Parser::ParseStatementOrDeclarationAfterAttributes(llvm::SmallVector&, clang::Parser::ParsedStmtContext, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::LabelDecl*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6e0f87f)
#21 0x0000000006e101e9 clang::Parser::ParseStatementOrDeclaration(llvm::SmallVector&, clang::Parser::ParsedStmtContext, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::LabelDecl*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6e101e9)
#22 0x0000000006e1866e clang::Parser::ParseCompoundStatementBody(bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6e1866e)
#23 0x0000000006e18e8a clang::Parser::ParseFunctionStatementBody(clang::Decl*, clang::Parser::ParseScope&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6e18e8a)
#24 0x0000000006d176a3 clang::Parser::ParseFunctionDefinition(clang::ParsingDeclarator&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo const&, clang::LateParsedAttrList*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d176a3)
#25 0x0000000006d60f96 clang::Parser::ParseDeclGroup(clang::ParsingDeclSpec&, clang::DeclaratorContext, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::Parser::ParsedTemplateInfo&, clang::SourceLocation*, clang::Parser::ForRangeInit*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d60f96)
#26 0x0000000006d0bafb clang::Parser::ParseDeclOrFunctionDefInternal(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsingDeclSpec&, clang::AccessSpecifier) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d0bafb)
#27 0x0000000006d0c2ef clang::Parser::ParseDeclarationOrFunctionDefinition(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsingDeclSpec*, clang::AccessSpecifier) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d0c2ef)
#28 0x0000000006d18b01 clang::Parser::ParseExternalDeclaration(clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsedAttributes&, clang::ParsingDeclSpec*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d18b01)
#29 0x0000000006d19a15 clang::Parser::ParseTopLevelDecl(clang::OpaquePtr&, clang::Sema::ModuleImportState&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6d19a15)
#30 0x0000000006cf692a clang::ParseAST(clang::Sema&, bool, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6cf692a)
#31 0x0000000004ef7c58 clang::CodeGenAction::ExecuteAction() (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4ef7c58)
#32 0x00000000052234b8 clang::FrontendAction::Execute() (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x52234b8)
#33 0x00000000051b0abd clang::CompilerInstance::ExecuteAction(clang::FrontendAction&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x51b0abd)
#34 0x00000000052fb3cd clang::ExecuteCompilerInvocation(clang::CompilerInstance*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x52fb3cd)
#35 0x0000000000da6cbc cc1_main(llvm::ArrayRef, char const*, void*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xda6cbc)
#36 0x0000000000d9d8ca ExecuteCC1Tool(llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, llvm::ToolContext const&, llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtr) driver.cpp:0:0
#37 0x0000000000d9da4d int llvm::function_ref&)>::callback_fn&)>(long, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&) driver.cpp:0:0
#38 0x0000000004f6ef29 void llvm::function_ref::callback_fn>, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator>*, bool*) const::'lambda'()>(long) Job.cpp:0:0
#39 0x0000000004336064 llvm::CrashRecoveryContext::RunSafely(llvm::function_ref) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4336064)
#40 0x0000000004f6fa95 clang::driver::CC1Command::Execute(llvm::ArrayRef>, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator>*, bool*) const (.part.0) Job.cpp:0:0
#41 0x0000000004f28462 clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteCommand(clang::driver::Command const&, clang::driver::Command const*&, bool) const (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4f28462)
#42 0x0000000004f2cc97 clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteJobs(clang::driver::JobList const&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&, bool) const (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4f2cc97)
#43 0x0000000004f371f5 clang::driver::Driver::ExecuteCompilation(clang::driver::Compilation&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4f371f5)
#44 0x0000000000da31aa clang_main(int, char**, llvm::ToolContext const&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xda31aa)
#45 0x0000000000cbee3a main (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xcbee3a)
#46 0x00007dbce0e2a1ca (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2a1ca)
#47 0x00007dbce0e2a28b __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2a28b)
#48 0x0000000000d9d275 _start (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xd9d275)
clang++: error: clang frontend command failed due to signal (use -v to see invocation)
Compiler returned: 134
```

Start with the Compiler Explorer reproducer and the assertion in llvm/tools/clang/lib/Sema/SemaOverload.cpp:11441, especially AddDeferredMethodTemplateCandidate and its caller BuildCallToMemberFunction. Run clang++ with -fms-compatibility on the supplied code and compare the behavior while tracing this overload path. Done means the reproducer no longer triggers an assertion or frontend crash.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.