[MLIR] Crash in FuncToLLVM when running a SPIR-V lowering pipeline with llvm-request-c-wrappers

I encountered a crash when running a minimized MLIR input through a SPIR-V lowering pipeline. The crash happens during the `convert-func-to-llvm` pass, after `llvm-request-c-wrappers` has been applied.

**Code Example**
```llvm
func.func @test() -> i32 attributes {linkage = "external"} {
%retval = arith.constant 0 : i32
func.return %retval : i32
}
```

**Stack Trace**
```bash
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace and instructions to reproduce the bug.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: mlir-opt input.mlir "-pass-pipeline=builtin.module(spirv-attach-target{ver=v1.0 caps=Addresses,Int64,Kernel},convert-gpu-to-spirv{use-64bit-index=true},gpu.module(spirv.module(spirv-lower-abi-attrs,spirv-update-vce)),func.func(llvm-request-c-wrappers),convert-scf-to-cf,convert-cf-to-llvm,convert-arith-to-llvm,convert-math-to-llvm,convert-func-to-llvm,gpu-to-llvm{use-bare-pointers-for-kernels=true},gpu-module-to-binary,expand-strided-metadata,lower-affine,finalize-memref-to-llvm,reconcile-unrealized-casts)"
#0 0x00005d8d411e6d32 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/Unix/Signals.inc:881:22
#1 0x00005d8d411e71f6 PrintStackTraceSignalHandler(void*) /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/Unix/Signals.inc:963:1
#2 0x00005d8d411e4568 llvm::sys::RunSignalHandlers() /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/Signals.cpp:108:20
#3 0x00005d8d411e65e6 SignalHandler(int, siginfo_t*, void*) /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/Unix/Signals.inc:448:14
#4 0x000072ba7d245cb0 (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x45cb0)
#5 0x000072ba7d2a648c pthread_kill (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0xa648c)
#6 0x000072ba7d245b7e raise (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x45b7e)
#7 0x000072ba7d2288ec abort (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x288ec)
#8 0x00005d8d411be88d llvm::report_fatal_error(llvm::Twine const&, bool) /llvm-project/llvm/lib/Support/ErrorHandling.cpp:137:9
#9 0x00005d8d4e9532ce mlir::LLVM::LLVMFuncOp::build(mlir::OpBuilder&, mlir::OperationState&, llvm::StringRef, mlir::Type, mlir::LLVM::linkage::Linkage, bool, mlir::LLVM::cconv::CConv, mlir::SymbolRefAttr, llvm::ArrayRef, llvm::ArrayRef, std::optional) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Dialect/LLVMIR/IR/LLVMDialect.cpp:3057:21
#10 0x00005d8d4ea47d1f mlir::LLVM::LLVMFuncOp::create(mlir::OpBuilder&, mlir::Location, llvm::StringRef, mlir::Type, mlir::LLVM::linkage::Linkage, bool, mlir::LLVM::cconv::CConv, mlir::SymbolRefAttr, llvm::ArrayRef, llvm::ArrayRef, std::optional) /llvm-project/build_de045d/tools/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/LLVMIR/LLVMOps.cpp.inc:35541:8
#11 0x00005d8d4a64e205 wrapForExternalCallers(mlir::OpBuilder&, mlir::Location, mlir::LLVMTypeConverter const&, mlir::FunctionOpInterface, mlir::LLVM::LLVMFuncOp) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp:124:48
#12 0x00005d8d4a650259 wrapWithCInterface(mlir::FunctionOpInterface, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&, mlir::LLVMTypeConverter const&, mlir::LLVM::LLVMFuncOp) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp:435:1
#13 0x00005d8d4a650789 mlir::convertFuncOpToLLVMFuncOp(mlir::FunctionOpInterface, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&, mlir::LLVMTypeConverter const&, mlir::SymbolTableCollection*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp:510:10
#14 0x00005d8d4a6508b7 (anonymous namespace)::FuncOpConversion::matchAndRewrite(mlir::func::FuncOp, mlir::func::FuncOpAdaptor, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&) const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp:529:76
#15 0x00005d8d41395066 llvm::LogicalResult mlir::ConversionPattern::dispatchTo1To1, mlir::func::FuncOp>(mlir::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern const&, mlir::func::FuncOp, mlir::func::FuncOp::GenericAdaptor>, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&) /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/Transforms/DialectConversion.h:1069:30
#16 0x00005d8d41394a1c mlir::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern::matchAndRewrite(mlir::func::FuncOp, mlir::func::FuncOpGenericAdaptor>, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&) const /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/Conversion/LLVMCommon/Pattern.h:276:26
#17 0x00005d8d41394975 mlir::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern::matchAndRewrite(mlir::Operation*, llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::ConversionPatternRewriter&) const /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/Conversion/LLVMCommon/Pattern.h:262:27
#18 0x00005d8d4fc2d0cf mlir::ConversionPattern::matchAndRewrite(mlir::Operation*, mlir::PatternRewriter&) const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:2414:25
#19 0x00005d8d4fcc3c02 mlir::PatternApplicator::matchAndRewrite(mlir::Operation*, mlir::PatternRewriter&, llvm::function_ref, llvm::function_ref, llvm::function_ref)::'lambda'()::operator()() const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Rewrite/PatternApplicator.cpp:223:46
#20 0x00005d8d4fcc4588 void llvm::function_ref::callback_fn, llvm::function_ref, llvm::function_ref)::'lambda'()>(long) /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:47:40
#21 0x00005d8d41208732 llvm::function_ref::operator()() const /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:69:62
#22 0x00005d8d4fcc7643 void mlir::MLIRContext::executeAction(llvm::function_ref, llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::Pattern const&) /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/IR/MLIRContext.h:297:3
#23 0x00005d8d4fcc43da mlir::PatternApplicator::matchAndRewrite(mlir::Operation*, mlir::PatternRewriter&, llvm::function_ref, llvm::function_ref, llvm::function_ref) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Rewrite/PatternApplicator.cpp:242:5
#24 0x00005d8d4fc2edaf (anonymous namespace)::OperationLegalizer::legalizeWithPattern(mlir::Operation*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:2835:36
#25 0x00005d8d4fc2d894 (anonymous namespace)::OperationLegalizer::legalize(mlir::Operation*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:2613:16
#26 0x00005d8d4fc307d9 mlir::OperationConverter::convert(mlir::Operation*, bool) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:3321:13
#27 0x00005d8d4fc38fc4 llvm::LogicalResult mlir::OperationConverter::legalizeOperations)::'lambda'()>(llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::OperationConverter::applyConversion(llvm::ArrayRef)::'lambda'(), bool) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:3420:15
#28 0x00005d8d4fc31376 mlir::OperationConverter::applyConversion(llvm::ArrayRef) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:3467:44
#29 0x00005d8d4fc34b71 applyConversion(llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::ConversionTarget const&, mlir::FrozenRewritePatternSet const&, mlir::ConversionConfig, (anonymous namespace)::OpConversionMode)::'lambda'()::operator()() const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:4211:45
#30 0x00005d8d4fc3d510 void llvm::function_ref::callback_fn, mlir::ConversionTarget const&, mlir::FrozenRewritePatternSet const&, mlir::ConversionConfig, (anonymous namespace)::OpConversionMode)::'lambda'()>(long) /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:47:40
#31 0x00005d8d41208732 llvm::function_ref::operator()() const /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:69:62
#32 0x00005d8d4fc53402 void mlir::MLIRContext::executeAction(llvm::function_ref, llvm::ArrayRef) /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/IR/MLIRContext.h:297:3
#33 0x00005d8d4fc34cec applyConversion(llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::ConversionTarget const&, mlir::FrozenRewritePatternSet const&, mlir::ConversionConfig, (anonymous namespace)::OpConversionMode) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:4214:10
#34 0x00005d8d4fc34d91 mlir::applyPartialConversion(llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::ConversionTarget const&, mlir::FrozenRewritePatternSet const&, mlir::ConversionConfig) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:4224:25
#35 0x00005d8d4fc34e1d mlir::applyPartialConversion(mlir::Operation*, mlir::ConversionTarget const&, mlir::FrozenRewritePatternSet const&, mlir::ConversionConfig) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Transforms/Utils/DialectConversion.cpp:4231:32
#36 0x00005d8d4a651bc1 (anonymous namespace)::ConvertFuncToLLVMPass::runOnOperation() /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp:879:15
#37 0x00005d8d4fd73ff3 mlir::detail::OpToOpPassAdaptor::run(mlir::Pass*, mlir::Operation*, mlir::AnalysisManager, bool, unsigned int)::'lambda'()::operator()() const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Pass/Pass.cpp:613:24
#38 0x00005d8d4fd7be96 void llvm::function_ref::callback_fn(long) /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:47:40
#39 0x00005d8d41208732 llvm::function_ref::operator()() const /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:69:62
#40 0x00005d8d4fd81a2d void mlir::MLIRContext::executeAction(llvm::function_ref, llvm::ArrayRef, mlir::Pass&) /llvm-project/mlir/include/mlir/IR/MLIRContext.h:297:3
#41 0x00005d8d4fd7467b mlir::detail::OpToOpPassAdaptor::run(mlir::Pass*, mlir::Operation*, mlir::AnalysisManager, bool, unsigned int) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Pass/Pass.cpp:619:23
#42 0x00005d8d4fd74ce8 mlir::detail::OpToOpPassAdaptor::runPipeline(mlir::OpPassManager&, mlir::Operation*, mlir::AnalysisManager, bool, unsigned int, mlir::PassInstrumentor*, mlir::PassInstrumentation::PipelineParentInfo const*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Pass/Pass.cpp:688:15
#43 0x00005d8d4fd7a869 mlir::PassManager::runPasses(mlir::Operation*, mlir::AnalysisManager) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Pass/Pass.cpp:1128:40
#44 0x00005d8d4fd7a36f mlir::PassManager::run(mlir::Operation*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Pass/Pass.cpp:1102:69
#45 0x00005d8d412f0e8c performActions(llvm::raw_ostream&, std::shared_ptr const&, mlir::MLIRContext*, mlir::MlirOptMainConfig const&) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:596:13
#46 0x00005d8d412f16d2 processBuffer(llvm::raw_ostream&, std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef, mlir::MlirOptMainConfig const&, mlir::DialectRegistry&, mlir::SourceMgrDiagnosticVerifierHandler*, llvm::ThreadPoolInterface*) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:686:26
#47 0x00005d8d412f1ce1 mlir::MlirOptMain(llvm::raw_ostream&, std::unique_ptr>, mlir::DialectRegistry&, mlir::MlirOptMainConfig const&)::'lambda'(std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef, llvm::raw_ostream&)::operator()(std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef, llvm::raw_ostream&) const /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:784:25
#48 0x00005d8d412f2ea5 llvm::LogicalResult llvm::function_ref>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef const&, llvm::raw_ostream&)>::callback_fn>, mlir::DialectRegistry&, mlir::MlirOptMainConfig const&)::'lambda'(std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef, llvm::raw_ostream&)>(long, std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef const&, llvm::raw_ostream&) /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:46:52
#49 0x00005d8d502d9d15 llvm::function_ref>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef const&, llvm::raw_ostream&)>::operator()(std::unique_ptr>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef const&, llvm::raw_ostream&) const /llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLFunctionalExtras.h:69:12
#50 0x00005d8d502d93de mlir::splitAndProcessBuffer(std::unique_ptr>, llvm::function_ref>, llvm::MemoryBufferRef const&, llvm::raw_ostream&)>, llvm::raw_ostream&, llvm::StringRef, llvm::StringRef) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Support/ToolUtilities.cpp:30:30
#51 0x00005d8d412f1fab mlir::MlirOptMain(llvm::raw_ostream&, std::unique_ptr>, mlir::DialectRegistry&, mlir::MlirOptMainConfig const&) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:789:47
#52 0x00005d8d412f22db mlir::MlirOptMain(int, char**, llvm::StringRef, llvm::StringRef, mlir::DialectRegistry&) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:835:13
#53 0x00005d8d412f2499 mlir::MlirOptMain(int, char**, llvm::StringRef, mlir::DialectRegistry&) /llvm-project/mlir/lib/Tools/mlir-opt/MlirOptMain.cpp:851:21
#54 0x00005d8d411ba901 main /llvm-project/mlir/tools/mlir-opt/mlir-opt.cpp:347:32
#55 0x000072ba7d22a601 (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2a601)
#56 0x000072ba7d22a718 __libc_start_main (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2a718)
#57 0x00005d8d411ba435 _start (/mnt/raid/llvm-project/build_de045d/bin/mlir-opt+0x464c435)
Aborted mlir-opt input.mlir "-pass-pipeline=builtin.module(spirv-attach-target{ver=v1.0 caps=Addresses,Int64,Kernel},convert-gpu-to-spirv{use-64bit-index=true},gpu.module(spirv.module(spirv-lower-abi-attrs,spirv-update-vce)),func.func(llvm-request-c-wrappers),convert-scf-to-cf,convert-cf-to-llvm,convert-arith-to-llvm,convert-math-to-llvm,convert-func-to-llvm,gpu-to-llvm{use-bare-pointers-for-kernels=true},gpu-module-to-binary,expand-strided-metadata,lower-affine,finalize-memref-to-llvm,reconcile-unrealized-casts)"
```

**Used Command**
```bash
mlir-opt input.mlir "-pass-pipeline=builtin.module(spirv-attach-target{ver=v1.0 caps=Addresses,Int64,Kernel},convert-gpu-to-spirv{use-64bit-index=true},gpu.module(spirv.module(spirv-lower-abi-attrs,spirv-update-vce)),func.func(llvm-request-c-wrappers),convert-scf-to-cf,convert-cf-to-llvm,convert-arith-to-llvm,convert-math-to-llvm,convert-func-to-llvm,gpu-to-llvm{use-bare-pointers-for-kernels=true},gpu-module-to-binary,expand-strided-metadata,lower-affine,finalize-memref-to-llvm,reconcile-unrealized-casts)"
```

Version: de045d579791d978cce109f9348d20560e112d74

Start by reproducing the crash with input.mlir and the supplied mlir-opt pass pipeline, then trace wrapForExternalCallers and convertFuncOpToLLVMFuncOp in mlir/lib/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/FuncToLLVM.cpp. Check the LLVMFuncOp construction in mlir/lib/Dialect/LLVMIR/IR/LLVMDialect.cpp; done means the minimized pipeline no longer aborts and the regression is covered.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.