Implement pure math and logic HLSL Functions

Pure math and logic with no side effects or flow control generated. Includes basic arithmetic/logic, transcendental, rounding, and classification operations.

Ones that aren't linked as sub-issues:
- [x] #125604
- [x] #70096
- [x] #99116
- [x] #75377
- [x] #70078

Review the scope and completion status of sub-issues #125604, #70096, #99116, #75377, and #70078 before identifying the remaining HLSL function work. Done means pure math and logic functions are generated across the stated arithmetic, logic, transcendental, rounding, and classification areas without side effects or flow control.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.