[Clang] Clang crashed with `error in backend: Broken module found, compilation aborted!`

***Generated by fuzzer.***
Clang trunk crashed and goes back to 15.0.
Compiler Explorer: https://godbolt.org/z/zEhK87T16

## Program
```cpp
void foo() {
new int(({
while (true)
;
1;
}));
}
```

## Stack Dump
```bash
Basic Block in function '_Z3foov' does not have terminator!
label %entry
fatal error: error in backend: Broken module found, compilation aborted!
PLEASE submit a bug report to https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/ and include the crash backtrace, preprocessed source, and associated run script.
Stack dump:
0. Program arguments: /opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang++ -g -o /app/output.s -mllvm --x86-asm-syntax=intel -fno-verbose-asm -S --gcc-toolchain=/opt/compiler-explorer/gcc-snapshot -fcolor-diagnostics -fno-crash-diagnostics -std=c++23
1. parser at end of file
2. Optimizer
3. Running pass "verify" on module ""
#0 0x0000000004309158 llvm::sys::PrintStackTrace(llvm::raw_ostream&, int) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4309158)
#1 0x0000000004306584 llvm::sys::CleanupOnSignal(unsigned long) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4306584)
#2 0x0000000004249836 llvm::CrashRecoveryContext::HandleExit(int) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4249836)
#3 0x00000000042fda4e llvm::sys::Process::Exit(int, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x42fda4e)
#4 0x0000000000de60d0 LLVMErrorHandler(void*, char const*, bool) cc1_main.cpp:0:0
#5 0x0000000004253a53 llvm::report_fatal_error(llvm::Twine const&, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4253a53)
#6 0x0000000004253bb1 (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4253bb1)
#7 0x0000000003c82088 (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x3c82088)
#8 0x00000000045bab5e llvm::detail::PassModel>::run(llvm::Module&, llvm::AnalysisManager&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x45bab5e)
#9 0x0000000003c494a1 llvm::PassManager>::run(llvm::Module&, llvm::AnalysisManager&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x3c494a1)
#10 0x00000000045c703c (anonymous namespace)::EmitAssemblyHelper::RunOptimizationPipeline(clang::BackendAction, std::unique_ptr>&, std::unique_ptr>&, clang::BackendConsumer*) BackendUtil.cpp:0:0
#11 0x00000000045ca960 clang::emitBackendOutput(clang::CompilerInstance&, clang::CodeGenOptions&, llvm::StringRef, llvm::Module*, clang::BackendAction, llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtr, std::unique_ptr>, clang::BackendConsumer*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x45ca960)
#12 0x0000000004c6bc07 clang::BackendConsumer::HandleTranslationUnit(clang::ASTContext&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4c6bc07)
#13 0x0000000006a3df1c clang::ParseAST(clang::Sema&, bool, bool) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x6a3df1c)
#14 0x0000000004c6c068 clang::CodeGenAction::ExecuteAction() (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4c6c068)
#15 0x0000000004f65455 clang::FrontendAction::Execute() (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4f65455)
#16 0x0000000004ee528e clang::CompilerInstance::ExecuteAction(clang::FrontendAction&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4ee528e)
#17 0x000000000505fafd clang::ExecuteCompilerInvocation(clang::CompilerInstance*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x505fafd)
#18 0x0000000000de89de cc1_main(llvm::ArrayRef, char const*, void*) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xde89de)
#19 0x0000000000ddf3aa ExecuteCC1Tool(llvm::SmallVectorImpl&, llvm::ToolContext const&, llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtr) driver.cpp:0:0
#20 0x0000000000ddf52d int llvm::function_ref&)>::callback_fn&)>(long, llvm::SmallVectorImpl&) driver.cpp:0:0
#21 0x0000000004cdf0a9 void llvm::function_ref::callback_fn>, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator>*, bool*) const::'lambda'()>(long) Job.cpp:0:0
#22 0x0000000004249774 llvm::CrashRecoveryContext::RunSafely(llvm::function_ref) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4249774)
#23 0x0000000004cdf6bf clang::driver::CC1Command::Execute(llvm::ArrayRef>, std::__cxx11::basic_string, std::allocator>*, bool*) const (.part.0) Job.cpp:0:0
#24 0x0000000004ca0052 clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteCommand(clang::driver::Command const&, clang::driver::Command const*&, bool) const (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4ca0052)
#25 0x0000000004ca0ffe clang::driver::Compilation::ExecuteJobs(clang::driver::JobList const&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&, bool) const (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4ca0ffe)
#26 0x0000000004ca8455 clang::driver::Driver::ExecuteCompilation(clang::driver::Compilation&, llvm::SmallVectorImpl>&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0x4ca8455)
#27 0x0000000000de4d51 clang_main(int, char**, llvm::ToolContext const&) (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xde4d51)
#28 0x0000000000c8f044 main (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xc8f044)
#29 0x00007b80b4c29d90 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x29d90)
#30 0x00007b80b4c29e40 __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x29e40)
#31 0x0000000000ddee45 _start (/opt/compiler-explorer/clang-assertions-trunk/bin/clang+++0xddee45)
clang++: error: clang frontend command failed with exit code 70 (use -v to see invocation)
Compiler returned: 70
```

Reproduce the crash with the C++ program and compiler invocation in the issue, then inspect the optimizer's verify pass and the BackendUtil.cpp and cc1_main.cpp paths named in the stack dump. Done means the reproducer no longer aborts with a broken module while preserving correct compilation behavior.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.