[Bash2.0][Website] Customer trust strip logos are inconsistent sizes (homepage, pricing, enterprise)

### Describe the issue

The customer logo strips are not size normalized, so the rows look uneven. It happens on several pages that share this strip:

- https://kestra.io ("Used by teams at"): the Apple mark and BRAINLAB render small while amdocs and Bloomberg are much larger.
- https://kestra.io/pricing ("Trusted by leading companies"): the Apple mark is very small while Bloomberg and amdocs are large.
- https://kestra.io/enterprise: the Informations Technik Zentrum Bund and Council of Europe logos are small while LEROY MERLIN, ACXIOM and the FORTUNE 500 mark are large.

The logos should be normalized to a consistent visual height.

### Visuals and Reproducibility

1. Open https://kestra.io and look at the "Used by teams at" strip.
2. Open https://kestra.io/pricing and look at "Trusted by leading companies".
3. Open https://kestra.io/enterprise and look at the strip below the hero.

The logo sizes are visibly inconsistent on each page.

### Environment

Site: https://kestra.io

Start by comparing the shared customer logo strips on kestra.io, /pricing, and /enterprise, following the reproduction steps in the issue. Identify the shared strip styling or component, normalize the logos to a consistent visual height, and verify that all three pages display evenly sized logos.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.