[SYCL] Locks in the ProgramManager should be revisited

Locking in the ProgramManager should be revisited, as:
- It is possible for some maps/caches to be accessed by multiple threads simultaneously, yet access to said maps/caches are not guarded by a lock, see:
- #16836
- #18121
- Access to a lot of maps/caches are guarded by `m_KernelIDsMutex` that do not seem related to the Kernel ID cache: Either way, introducing more mutexes may enable more threads to do more at the same time.
- e.g. `m_ExportedSymbolImages`, `m_DeviceImages`, `m_VFSet2BinImage`, please see program_manager.hpp