`date_part` for timestamp extraction

Apache Datafusion, the query engine that powers Influx v3, supports the following function: https://datafusion.apache.org/user-guide/sql/scalar_functions.html#date-part

Please implement `date_part` within influxql.

`date_part(part, expression)`

Arguments

- part: Part of the date to return. The following date parts are supported:
- year
- quarter (emits value in inclusive range [1, 4] based on which quartile of the year the date is in)
- month
- week (week of the year)
- day (day of the month)
- hour
- minute
- second
- millisecond
- microsecond
- nanosecond
- dow (day of the week where Sunday is 0)
- doy (day of the year)
- epoch (seconds since Unix epoch)
- isodow (day of the week where Monday is 0)
- expression: Time expression to operate on. Can be a constant, column, or function.

Example usage:

```
SELECT * FROM some_measurement
WHERE time >= now() - 10d AND time <= now() AND (date_part(time, dow) != 0 AND date_part(time, dow) != 6)
```