Lock Manager pattern

Description:
The Lock Manager design pattern is a concurrency control mechanism used to manage access to shared resources in a multi-threaded environment. This pattern ensures that multiple processes or threads do not simultaneously access a shared resource in a way that causes conflicts. The key elements of the Lock Manager design pattern include:

1. Lock Management: Centralized control for acquiring and releasing locks on resources.
2. Lock Types: Different types of locks, such as read and write locks, to manage varying levels of access control.
3. Deadlock Detection and Resolution: Mechanisms to detect and handle deadlocks.
4. Lock Granularity: Ability to define locks at different levels of granularity, such as fine-grained or coarse-grained locks.

References:

• Lock Manager Design Pattern - Google Books
• Project Contribution Guidelines

Acceptance Criteria:

1. Implement a Lock Manager class that supports acquiring and releasing locks with read and write permissions.
2. Integrate deadlock detection and resolution within the Lock Manager.
3. Provide unit tests demonstrating the correct functionality of the Lock Manager, including scenarios for deadlock detection and handling.

Start by reviewing the project contribution guidelines and existing Java design-pattern implementations to determine where a Lock Manager belongs. Use the listed acceptance criteria to define the required read/write locking, deadlock handling, and unit-test coverage; no source file or test path is named in the issue.