amazon-ebs authentication failures with ansible provisioner

_This issue was originally opened by @justinhohner as hashicorp/packer#6255. It was migrated here as a result of the [Packer plugin split](https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/8610#issuecomment-770034737). The original body of the issue is below._

After the packer ssh proxy establishes a connection ansible is not able to authenticate to the instance. Authentication fails with either a message similar to "Failed to connect to the host via ssh ... too many authentication failures..." or by asking for a password, the difference is likely due to ssh policy on different hosts. I am able to use the packer generated ssh to to connect to the instance via the packer ssh proxy.

Host platform:
macOS 10.13.4

Packer version:
1.2.3

PACKER LOG:
https://gist.github.com/justinhohner/e85ad4957790833e1004d4bb882435e2

JSON file:
https://gist.github.com/justinhohner/7437bfc9c5db47c2b97a3419242ba59f