/v1/health/service/:service?cached endpoint returns no entries at all even when the uncached endpoint does

#### Overview of the Issue

/v1/health/service/:service?cached endpoint returns no entries at all even when the uncached endpoint does

---

#### Reproduction Steps

Any size cluster, any configuration, restart a client configured node as a server by adding some extra JSON config like
```
{"leave_on_terminate": true, "server": true, "skip_leave_on_interrupt": false, "node_meta": {"resilience_node": "true"}}
```

Then some of the time, query a service using the cached endpoint and get an empty list, but the same query without the `?cached` parameter produces a full list of nodes.

```
curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:8500/v1/health/service/service-x?cached"
[]
```
```
curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:8500/v1/health/service/service-x"
[{...},{...}]
```

### Consul info for both Client and Server

Client info

```
x@y~$ consul info
agent:
check_monitors = 35
check_ttls = 0
checks = 86
services = 72
build:
prerelease =
revision = 895390c+
version = 1.16.6
version_metadata =
consul:
acl = enabled
bootstrap = false
known_datacenters = 2
leader = true
leader_addr = 10.131.8.20:8498
server = true
raft:
applied_index = 2879871686
commit_index = 2879871686
fsm_pending = 0
last_contact = 0
last_log_index = 2879871686
last_log_term = 43501
last_snapshot_index = 2879866307
last_snapshot_term = 43501
latest_configuration = [{Suffrage:Voter ID:9b8e04a0-72cc-5f4b-b3d8-c21e9b05792d Address:10.131.8.20:8498} {Suffrage:Voter ID:be43dee9-05dd-57c4-b334-55e7127c3d18 Address:10.131.8.15:8498} {Suffrage:Voter ID:85a27efe-0d54-5ec9-8c0a-5e3531752d73 Address:10.131.8.14:8498}]
latest_configuration_index = 0
num_peers = 2
protocol_version = 3
protocol_version_max = 3
protocol_version_min = 0
snapshot_version_max = 1
snapshot_version_min = 0
state = Leader
term = 43501
runtime:
arch = amd64
cpu_count = 192
goroutines = 2575
max_procs = 192
os = linux
version = go1.22.3 X:boringcrypto
serf_lan:
coordinate_resets = 0
encrypted = true
event_queue = 0
event_time = 2837
failed = 0
health_score = 0
intent_queue = 0
left = 0
member_time = 1031477
members = 14
query_queue = 0
query_time = 96884
serf_wan:
coordinate_resets = 0
encrypted = true
event_queue = 0
event_time = 1
failed = 0
health_score = 0
intent_queue = 0
left = 5
member_time = 966242
members = 11
query_queue = 0
query_time = 57106
```

```
Client agent HCL config
```

Server info

```
Output from server 'consul info' command here
```

```
Server agent HCL config
```

### Operating system and Environment details

Linux, amd64 and arm64, Debian bookworm

### Log Fragments

no log errors noted

Start by reproducing the discrepancy between /v1/health/service/:service?cached and the uncached endpoint using the provided curl requests and Consul configuration. Trace the cached health-service request path and compare it with the uncached lookup. Done means the cached endpoint returns the expected service entries rather than an empty list when the uncached endpoint has results.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.