[Cleanup] Refactor opt passes to use module-registry for exposing pass names

Currently we support for `opt` passing a text pipeline which runs the given passes. This is currently manually maintained with a map from 'name -> pass' due to the fact that different passes all take different arguments.

We should refactor this so each pass library registers any passes with a single registry and has consistent arguments (or the arguments are hidden behind different types). This would simplify this code and make it easier to add new passes.