Shaders get corrupted after power outage

### Tested versions

4.3 stable

### System information

Godot v4.3.stable - Windows 10.0.19045 - GLES3 (Compatibility) - NVIDIA GeForce GT 1030 (NVIDIA; 32.0.15.6109) - Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700 CPU @ 3.40GHz (8 Threads)

### Issue description

I was working on my project, I hit save and 3 milliseconds later the power went off

Nothing was corrupted except the unique .gdshader file I have in the entire project

The thing is, I was working on scripts and scenes and that shader has not been touched since the dinosaurs

I didn't even have it opened on Shader Editor, so there has to be a bug somewhere

### Steps to reproduce

1. Have at least one .gdshader file in your project
2. Hit save and disconnect your PC from power

### Minimal reproduction project (MRP)

You can use this project:
https://godotengine.org/asset-library/asset/2732

Start with the minimal reproduction project linked in the issue and reproduce the save followed by a power disconnect with a .gdshader file present. Compare the shader before and after the interruption and trace which editor save path is involved; done means the unrelated shader is no longer corrupted, with a regression test covering the failure.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.