Can only run projects using the Compatibility rendering method, even though the hardware supports Vulkan

### Tested versions

- 4.2.2 stable console and regular
- 4.2.1 stable console and regular

### System information

Godot v4.2.2.stable - Windows 10.0.22631 - GLES3 (Compatibility) - AMD Radeon(TM) Graphics (Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.; 31.0.21912.14) - AMD Ryzen 7 5800H with Radeon Graphics (16 Threads)

### Issue description

Only Compatibility mode projects can be created without crash. Pre-existing projects crash when switched from Compatibility mode. Crashes do not report an error in console

### Steps to reproduce

1. Open Godot
2. Create a new project or access a pre-existing project
3. Switch mode from Compatibility to either Forward+ or Mobile
4. Crash without error in console :(

### Minimal reproduction project (MRP)

[test1.zip](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/15906116/test1.zip)

Start by reproducing the crash with the attached test1.zip on Windows 10 using Forward+ and Mobile, comparing them with Compatibility on the listed AMD Radeon hardware. Check whether any crash output is produced despite the report saying the console is silent; done means projects can switch rendering methods without crashing.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.