Experiments need to track "power" of the result

From https://irb.research.chop.edu/writing-protocol

> Sample Size and Power: All studies require a justification for the chosen sample size. Often the sample size is based on a formal power calculation. When this is the case, the planned sample size should be large enough to have a high probability (power) of detecting a true effect of a given magnitude, should it exist. When a power calculation is performed the protocol should include the following:

> the primary endpoint (outcome);
> the values assumed for the outcome in each study group (eg, proportion with event, or mean and standard deviation);
> the planned statistical test;
> alpha (type 1 error) level;
> power (usually at least 80%); and
> the calculated sample size per group - both assuming no loss of data and, if relevant, after any inflation for anticipated missing data modified from SPIRIT 2012 explanation and elaboration: guidance for protocols of clinical trials