Sanitize the extension markers properly when user asks them to be removed

When the "Include extension information" unchecked, we remove the information related to installed extensions on user's machine. But it looks like some extension markers include extension names as well. We should sanitize the extension names for them.

For example "Extension Canceled" marker is one of them but we should take a look at others too.

┆Issue is synchronized with this [Jira Task](https://mozilla-hub.atlassian.net/browse/FP-585)