FirebaseAuth crash on captcha link when no browser is installed

Hi, we're using Firebase Auth's phone number method for users to signin. We've seen crashes when user doesn't have a browser installed & firebase tries opens captcha link. Crash is always a bad experience for users & since I believe there's nothing we can do here, maybe it would be nice to have exception thrown instead of causing a crash.

#### Steps to reproduce:
- Browser app doesn't exist

#### Observed Results:

* Application crashes with:
```shell
No Activity found to handle Intent { act=android.intent.action.VIEW }
android.app.Instrumentation.checkStartActivityResult (Instrumentation.java:1809)
com.google.firebase.auth.internal.RecaptchaActivity.zzf (com.google.firebase:firebase-auth@@21.0.1:12)
com.google.android.gms.internal.firebase-auth-api.zztr.zza (com.google.firebase:firebase-auth@@21.0.1:7)
com.google.android.gms.internal.firebase-auth-api.zztr.onPostExecute (com.google.firebase:firebase-auth@@21.0.1:2)
```

#### Expected Results:

* Exception thrown for captcha handling

Start by reproducing the Firebase Auth phone-number flow on an Android device without a browser installed. Trace the failure reported in com.google.firebase.auth.internal.RecaptchaActivity.zzf and determine how the missing browser case is surfaced. Done means the captcha-link path no longer causes an unhandled crash and reports the failure through the expected exception behavior.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.