Local buffering of periodic sensor measurements during communication outages

**Describe the problem you have/What new integration you would like**

Currently, when the wifi network or the home assistant server is down, sensor measurements are lost. I'd like if the ESP device could buffer periodic sensor measurements locally and submit them when it next has the ability to reach the home assistant server.

**Please describe your use case for this integration and alternatives you've tried:**

I'm logging measurements of temperature from 10 devices once a minute for a long-term study of thermal properties of my home over the course of the year. When there is a power outage at home or my server crashes, I lose important measurements and have gaps in my data.

**Additional context**

No source files, tests, or entry points are named. Start by tracing how periodic sensor measurements are collected on the ESP device and submitted to Home Assistant, then define how measurements should be retained during Wi-Fi, server, and power outages and verified after reconnection.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.