USB_CDC logger support for arduino framework

**Describe the problem you have/What new integration you would like**

USB_CDC should be a valid config for hardware_uart of the logger component when framework is arduino.

For ESP-IDF this works but i would like to have it working for Arduino as well.
**Please describe your use case for this integration and alternatives you've tried:**

**Additional context**

This [https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/4225](https://github.com/esphome/esphome/pull/4225) Pull request seems to add this feature but is stale.

Start by reviewing pull request #4225 and the logger component's hardware_uart configuration for the Arduino framework. Confirm how ESP-IDF handles USB_CDC, then determine what is needed for Arduino; done means USB_CDC is accepted as a valid logger hardware_uart configuration under Arduino.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.