Media player: Support media metadata

**Describe the problem you have/What new integration you would like**

MP3 (and other) streams contain metadata, Home Assistant allows setting metadata in the media_player.play_media service.
Currently, ESPHome does not seem to support any metadata in the mediaplayer component. At least there is nothing in the docs and media player cards in HA only show play/pause status but no metadata.
I'd like to suggest adding support for metadata to the mediaplayer component so that e.g. displays can be used on a player to show what's playing and media player cards in HA also show it.

**Please describe your use case for this integration and alternatives you've tried:**

There are no alternatives short of not using ESPHome for media players.

**Additional context**

N/a

Start by reviewing the ESPHome mediaplayer component and how Home Assistant's media_player.play_media service and cards represent metadata. Determine which metadata from MP3 and other streams must be exposed to Home Assistant and displays. Done means the component supports metadata and the requested information appears in those consumers.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.