Add sensors support for remote_receiver

**Describe the problem you have/What new integration you would like**

I managed to implement a new protocol (TX3-TX4, WS7000 weather sensors from Lacrosse) for the component remote_base and I would like now to declare sensors to report temperature, humidity etc... Unfortunately, only binary sensors are supported (IR or 433MHz remote controllers used to switch on/ switch off).

**Please describe your use case for this integration and alternatives you've tried:**

I tried to create a custom sensor but I did not find how to communicate between the remote_receiver component and the custom sensor.

**Additional context**

I tried to modify deeply __init__.py but it looks to not be enough....

Start by reading the remote_base and remote_receiver components, including the __init__.py changes already attempted. Trace how remote_receiver currently exposes binary sensors and how a custom sensor could receive decoded values; done means temperature, humidity, and related weather readings are exposed reliably for the new protocol.

Written by the indexing model from the issue text.