Maintain a cache in the Adaptation Manager

Currently, the adaptation manager does not maintain a cache of protocols and known classes which support the protocols. This leads to issues like #455 where instances of the same class are repeatedly run through the adaptation manager machinery to determine whether or not the class/instance supports the protocol.

The cache could simply be a dictionary -
```
{
InterfaceABC : [ClassA, ClassB],
InterfaceXYZ : [ClassX, ClassZ]
}
```