Not being able to boot eOS6 (Odin)

## What Happened

Tried to boot eOS 6 in UEFI mode with a USB stick flashed with Rufus (tried to flash it with dd, Etcher and manually copying files over a FAT32 GPT partition as well) and it didn't boot.

## Expected Behavior

The eOS 6 to boot.

## Steps to Reproduce

1. Download the ISO from the website (2021/08/23)
2. Flash it using one of the aforementioned methods
3. Boot the computer and wait for the initialization of the OS.

### Logs

The following images appear randomly when booting the OS, but they mention the same defect at the top of the screen.


## Platform Information

The latest ISO available at the time of writing on the ElementaryOS website is the one used. My computer is a Dell Inspiron 15 7000 Gaming with the latest firmware updates and I currently have a dual boot with Windows 10 and eOS 5.1.7.

## Extras

There's also a question posted [here](https://elementaryos.stackexchange.com/questions/28691/not-being-able-to-boot-eos6-odin) describing the same issue.