Failing `on_message` retries message indefinitly

Hi!

I was trying to understand the behaviour of message processing if `on_message` fails with respect to package acknowledgement. If `on_message` fails, then the message is not acknowledged and I was pondering how this will affect the client. What I found surprised me.

If `on_message(...)` fails, then the message is kept in the client and retried (by the client) as soon as an other message is received. If it fails again, then the message is retried indefinitly and the client fails to process any new messages. Eventually, this causes a connection timeout. Even after the timeout, the message is retried indefinitly.

I was expecting that if `on_messsage(...)` fails, then the message is dropped.

Furthermore, I was expecting that if `on_message(...)` fails on QoS 1 and 2 messages, then the message should still be acknowledged as it was passed from the client to the software. The client might fail to send an acknowledgment due to external reasons, e. g., network issues.

So, what is the reason behind this behaviour?

Note that I was expecting the behaviour similar to `suppress_exceptions = True` only that the expceptions are passed through.

## How to reproduce

Start your mqtt broker. You can use the docker compose and mosquitto configuration below.

Start the script below.

Send a message to `t/qos_0` and `t/qos_1`, respectivly: `mosquitto_pub -t qos=0 -m "msg_1" -q 0 -V mqttv5`

The client below reuses the mqtt session. So if a QoS 1 message fails to process and the client restarts, the message is retried and the client is thus stuck in a loop immediatly.

```python
import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

client = mqtt.Client(protocol=mqtt.MQTTv5, callback_api_version=mqtt.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION2, client_id="my-client-id")

properties = mqtt.Properties(mqtt.PacketTypes.CONNECT)
properties.SessionExpiryInterval = 0xFFFFFFFF

client.connect(host="localhost", clean_start=False, properties=properties)

@client.message_callback()
def on_message(client, userdata, msg: mqtt.MQTTMessage):
raise Exception("Error: Processing failed")

@client.connect_callback()
def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, reason_code, properties):
client.subscribe("t/qos_0", qos=0)
client.subscribe("t/qos_1", qos=1)

while True:
try:
client.loop_forever()
except Exception as e:
print(e)
```

docker-compose.yml
```yml
version: "3.7"

services:
mosquitto:
image: eclipse-mosquitto
hostname: mosquitto
container_name: mosquitto
restart: unless-stopped
ports:
- "1883:1883"
- "9001:9001"
volumes:
- ./mosquitto:/etc/mosquitto
- ./mosquitto/mosquitto.conf:/mosquitto/config/mosquitto.conf
```

mosquitto.conf
```conf
persistence false
allow_anonymous true
connection_messages true
log_type all
listener 1883
```
# Environment

* Python version: 3.11.9
* Library version: 2.1.0
* Operating system (including version): Windows 11, Ubuntu 24.10
* MQTT server (name, version, configuration, hosting details): mosquitto 2.0.20, eclipse-docker image