[Regression] Unexpected unbound variable error

### Bug description

EF.Core 9 has a regression since EF.Core 8 where casting a enum to an int within a EF.Constant causes an unbound variable error.

### Your code

```csharp
/*

Exe
net9.0
enable
enable

*/
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

var services = new ServiceCollection();

services.AddLogging(b => b.AddConsole().SetMinimumLevel(LogLevel.Information))
.AddDbContext(b => b.UseInMemoryDatabase("test")
.EnableSensitiveDataLogging());

var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
await using var scope = serviceProvider.CreateAsyncScope();
var sp = scope.ServiceProvider;

var dbContext = sp.GetRequiredService();
var logger = sp.GetRequiredService>();

dbContext.Add(new Dummy(1, 7));
await dbContext.SaveChangesAsync();

var myType = FlaggedEnum.First;
await dbContext.Set().Where(dummy => (EF.Constant((int) myType) & dummy.Type) != 0).FirstOrDefaultAsync();

record Dummy(int Id, int Type);

class SampleDbContext(DbContextOptions options) : DbContext(options)
{
protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder) => modelBuilder.Entity()
.HasKey(x => x.Id);
}

enum FlaggedEnum
{
None = 0,
First = 1 << 0,
Second = 1 << 1,
Third = 1 << 2,
Fourth = 1 << 3
}
```

### Stack traces

```text
warn: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Model.Validation[10400]
Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data; this mode should only be enabled during development.
info: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Update[30100]
Saved 1 entities to in-memory store.
Unhandled exception. System.InvalidOperationException: An exception was thrown while attempting to evaluate the LINQ query parameter expression 'Constant(Convert(__myType_0, Int32))'. See the inner exception for more information.
---> System.InvalidOperationException: unbound variable: __myType_0
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.EnsureAvailableForClosure(ParameterExpression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.ResolveLocal(ParameterExpression variable)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.LoadLocalNoValueTypeCopy(ParameterExpression variable)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.CompileGetVariable(ParameterExpression variable)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.Compile(Expression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.CompileConvertUnaryExpression(Expression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.CompileMethodCallExpression(Expression object, MethodInfo method, IArgumentProvider arguments)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.Compile(Expression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.CompileConvertUnaryExpression(Expression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.Compile(Expression expr)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Interpreter.LightCompiler.CompileTop(LambdaExpression node)
at System.Linq.Expressions.Expression`1.Compile(Boolean preferInterpretation)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.g__EvaluateCore|75_0(Expression expression, String& parameterName, Boolean& isContextAccessor)
--- End of inner exception stack trace ---
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.g__EvaluateCore|75_0(Expression expression, String& parameterName, Boolean& isContextAccessor)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Evaluate(Expression expression, String& parameterName, Boolean& isContextAccessor)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.ProcessEvaluatableRoot(Expression evaluatableRoot, State& state, Boolean forceEvaluation)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression binary)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression, State& state)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitBinary(BinaryExpression binary)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression, State& state)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitLambda[T](Expression`1 lambda)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression, State& state)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitUnary(UnaryExpression unary)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit[T](ReadOnlyCollection`1 expressions, Func`2 elementVisitor, StateType& aggregateStateType, State[]& expressionStates, Boolean poolExpressionStates)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(ReadOnlyCollection`1 expressions, StateType& aggregateStateType, State[]& expressionStates, Boolean poolExpressionStates)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCall)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit[T](ReadOnlyCollection`1 expressions, Func`2 elementVisitor, StateType& aggregateStateType, State[]& expressionStates, Boolean poolExpressionStates)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(ReadOnlyCollection`1 expressions, StateType& aggregateStateType, State[]& expressionStates, Boolean poolExpressionStates)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.VisitMethodCall(MethodCallExpression methodCall)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.Visit(Expression expression, State& state)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.ExtractParameters(Expression expression, IParameterValues parameterValues, Boolean parameterize, Boolean clearParameterizedValues, Boolean precompiledQuery, IReadOnlySet`1& nonNullableReferenceTypeParameters)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.ExpressionTreeFuncletizer.ExtractParameters(Expression expression, IParameterValues parameterValues, Boolean parameterize, Boolean clearParameterizedValues)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.ExtractParameters(Expression query, IParameterValues parameterValues, IDiagnosticsLogger`1 logger, Boolean compiledQuery, Boolean generateContextAccessors)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.ExecuteCore[TResult](Expression query, Boolean async, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.QueryCompiler.ExecuteAsync[TResult](Expression query, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query.Internal.EntityQueryProvider.ExecuteAsync[TResult](Expression expression, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.EntityFrameworkQueryableExtensions.ExecuteAsync[TSource,TResult](MethodInfo operatorMethodInfo, IQueryable`1 source, Expression expression, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.EntityFrameworkQueryableExtensions.ExecuteAsync[TSource,TResult](MethodInfo operatorMethodInfo, IQueryable`1 source, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.EntityFrameworkQueryableExtensions.FirstOrDefaultAsync[TSource](IQueryable`1 source, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
at Program.$(String[] args) in C:\Users\randy\source\repos\EFCoreBugRepro\Program.cs:line 38
at Program.$(String[] args) in C:\Users\randy\source\repos\EFCoreBugRepro\Program.cs:line 38
at Program.(String[] args)
```

### Verbose output

```text

```

### EF Core version

9.0.10

### Database provider

_No response_

### Target framework

_No response_

### Operating system

_No response_

### IDE

_No response_