Markdown file of supported tags

The [current method for determining the available tags](https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-buildtools-prereqs-docker?tab=readme-ov-file#where-are-the-published-images) in this repo isn't great. There are only two sources of information:
* [image info](https://github.com/dotnet/versions/blob/main/build-info/docker/image-info.dotnet-dotnet-buildtools-prereqs-docker-main.json) - This is a JSON file that includes a lot of metadata and isn't the easiest to visually parse
* [all tags](https://mcr.microsoft.com/v2/dotnet-buildtools/prereqs/tags/list) - This provides a view of every single tag, including those that are not supported

We should consider providing a markdown file that lists the supported tags in table format, in the same way that is done with the [official container images](https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-docker/blob/main/README.sdk.md#linux-amd64-tags). This would allow consumers of the images to more easily locate the available tags and select the one they need.