Arcadify runtime's setup_vs_tools.cmd

Migrated from https://github.com/dotnet/core-eng/issues/12046

@lukas-lansky wrote:

As discussed with @ViktorHofer, we should harmonize [repeated](https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/3fb12d9792cf4d64c765579fab2356e8eaa1620d/src/libraries/Native/build-native.cmd#L56-L93) [runtime's current custom VS version lookup](https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/blob/master/src/coreclr/setup_vs_tools.cmd) with [the way this is done in shared tooling](https://github.com/dotnet/arcade/blob/187f72cdd9c79af0fd2a5bb202745bf6a4d56d68/eng/common/tools.ps1#L425).