Wrong values expected for property `database.ssl.mode` in MariaDB [DBZ-8195]

Migrated from [DBZ-8195](https://issues.redhat.com/browse/DBZ-8195)

h1. Bug report

For bug reports, provide this information, please:

When starting a connector with the Maria Db connector, I face an issue regarding the sslmode property.

As per the documentation, [{{database.ssl.mode}}|https://debezium.io/documentation/reference/2.7/connectors/mariadb.html#mariadb-property-database-ssl-mode] can have the values `disabled`, `preferred`, `required`, `verify_ca` and `verify_identity`. This is true for mysql databases. 

But mariadb expects other values. As per the [documentation|https://mariadb.com/docs/server/connect/programming-languages/java/tls/#:~:text=1.1.3-,sslMode,-Enables%20SSL/TLS], they are `disable`, `trust`, `verify-ca`, `verify-full`. 

When trying to use these values, I get the error:
{code:java}
There is an issue with the connector.Code: InvalidInput.InvalidConnectorConfigurationMessage: The connector configuration is invalid. Message: Connector configuration is invalid and contains the following 1 error(s): The 'database.ssl.mode' value is invalid: Value must be one of verify_identity, disabled, preferred, required, verify_ca {code}
When trying to use the mysql ones, I get authentication problems. 

With _preferred_
{code:java}
[2024-09-02 12:42:24,558] ERROR Failed testing connection for jdbc:mariadb://[URL]:3306/?useInformationSchema=true&nullCatalogMeansCurrent=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=CONVERT_TO_NULL&connectTimeout=30000 with user 'username' (io.debezium.connector.binlog.BinlogConnector:70)
java.sql.SQLException: error parsing url : Wrong argument value 'preferred' for SslMode
at org.mariadb.jdbc.Configuration.parseInternal(Configuration.java:644) {code}
With _disabled_ and _required_
{code:java}
[2024-09-02 13:07:34,694] ERROR Failed testing connection for jdbc:mariadb://[URL]:3306/?useInformationSchema=true&nullCatalogMeansCurrent=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=CONVERT_TO_NULL&connectTimeout=30000 with user 'username' (io.debezium.connector.binlog.BinlogConnector:70)
java.sql.SQLInvalidAuthorizationSpecException: (conn=3464490) Access denied for user 'username'@'INTERNAL_IP' (using password: YES)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.export.ExceptionFactory.createException(ExceptionFactory.java:286){code}
Is this expected and is there a workaround for this?
h2. What Debezium connector do you use and what version?

mariadb 2.7.1
h2. What is the captured database version and mode of deployment?

(E.g. on-premises, with a specific cloud provider, etc.)

AWS Mariadb
h2. Do you see the same behaviour using the latest released Debezium version?

This is also in the latest branch.