Add example of column_types with folder structure in a properties yml file

### Contributions

- [X] I have read the contribution docs, and understand what's expected of me.

### Link to the page on docs.getdbt.com requiring updates

https://docs.getdbt.com/reference/resource-configs/column_types

### What part(s) of the page would you like to see updated?

Right now the `column_types` page has an underlying, unstated assumption that `column types` definitions go in the `dbt_project.yml` file. At some point it looks like adding them to a `properties.yml` file was added, but then there's this little side note that the entire folder path is needed. However if you put folder path in like it's shown for a `dbt_project.yml` file in a `properties.yml` file you get errors. So either a)the references to the ability to put `column_types` in a `properties.yml` file needs to come out or b) an example of the syntax to use the full file path _and_ not trip a duplicate definition error needs to be added.

### Additional information

_No response_