[Feature] Not able to reference _TABLE_SUFFIX column in limited queries of wildcard table sources

### Is this a new bug?

- [x] I believe this is a new bug
- [x] I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this bug

### Which packages are affected?

- [ ] dbt-adapters
- [ ] dbt-tests-adapter
- [ ] dbt-athena
- [ ] dbt-athena-community
- [x] dbt-bigquery
- [ ] dbt-postgres
- [ ] dbt-redshift
- [ ] dbt-snowflake
- [ ] dbt-spark

### Current Behavior

When running `dbt run` with the `--empty` flag [wildcard tables](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/querying-wildcard-tables) aren't able to reference the `_TABLE_SUFFIX` column. This is because the `_TABLE_SUFFIX` isn't implicitly passed through with the `select *`.

For example,

```
select
*,
_TABLE_SUFFIX as table_suffix
from {{ source('sharded_table') }}
where length(_TABLE_SUFFIX) = 8
```

compiles to,
```
select
*,
_TABLE_SUFFIX as table_suffix
from (select * from `project`.`dataset`.`sharded_table_*` where false limit 0)
where length(_TABLE_SUFFIX) = 8
```

### Expected Behavior

If the table id ends in a *, the adapter should pass through the table suffix column for limited queries.

```
select
*,
_TABLE_SUFFIX as table_suffix
from (select *, _TABLE_SUFFIX from `project`.`dataset`.`sharded_table_*` where false limit 0)
where length(_TABLE_SUFFIX) = 8
```

### Steps To Reproduce

1. Create a source with a wildcard table.
2. Reference it in a model and attempt to query the `_TABLE_SUFFIX` column. This query should build with `dbt build `.
3. Now try `dbt build --empty`. You'll hit an error: `Unrecognized name: _TABLE_SUFFIX at ...`.

### Relevant log output

```shell

```

### Environment

```markdown
- OS: Linux (6.5.0-1025-azure)
- Python: Python 3.11.8
- dbt: 1.9.2
- dbt-adapters:
- bigquery: 1.9.1
```

### Additional Context

_No response_