[Bug] Dataproc (Python models) do not retry polling on 5xx errors

### Is this a new bug in dbt-bigquery?

- [X] I believe this is a new bug in dbt-bigquery
- [X] I have searched the existing issues, and I could not find an existing issue for this bug

### Current Behavior

After dbt-bigquery submits a dataproc batch job, it enters a polling mode, waiting for a response to indicate the job completed (dbt/adapters/bigquery/dataproc/batch.py#29). This polling process is not retrying transient errors, so the dbt run ends up failing with an error, while the actual dataproc job runs to completion successfully.

### Expected Behavior

We should be performing the dataproc batch polling with a retry strategy to retry transient errors.

The BatchControllerClient.get_batch() function takes a retry parameter:
```
retry (google.api_core.retry.Retry): Designation of what errors, if any,should be retried.`
```
so we should pass one in!

### Steps To Reproduce

This relies on GCP API throwing a 5xx error so it's not very reproducible, though we are hitting the error at least once a day in our runs.

1. Use dbt-bigquery 1.8.1
2. Configure Dataproc serverless in profiles.yml:
```
target: dev
outputs:
dev:
type: bigquery
location: EU
job_retries: 5
dataproc_batch:
environment_config:
execution_config:
service_account: dbt-dev-runner@data-dev.iam.gserviceaccount.com
subnetwork_uri: projects/data-dev/regions/europe-west1/subnetworks/dataproc-dbt-subnet
```

3. Submit many long-running Python models
4. Wait until one of them fails.

### Relevant log output

```shell
11:05:53.104591 [info ] [Thread-1 ]: BigQuery adapter: Submitting batch job with id: d9cb4840-a1f1-49f3-bd8b-2af2d8dbcbfd
11:06:40.287936 [error] [Thread-1 ]: Unhandled error while executing target/run/core/models/data_tables/DT_segments_variants.py
503 502:Bad Gateway
11:06:40.298010 [debug] [Thread-1 ]: Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/google/api_core/grpc_helpers.py", line 76, in error_remapped_callable
return callable_(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/grpc/_channel.py", line 1181, in __call__
return _end_unary_response_blocking(state, call, False, None)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/grpc/_channel.py", line 1006, in _end_unary_response_blocking
raise _InactiveRpcError(state) # pytype: disable=not-instantiable
grpc._channel._InactiveRpcError: <_InactiveRpcError of RPC that terminated with:
status = StatusCode.UNAVAILABLE
details = "502:Bad Gateway"
debug_error_string = "UNKNOWN:Error received from peer {created_time:"2024-07-04T11:06:40.285827131+00:00", grpc_status:14, grpc_message:"502:Bad Gateway"}"
>

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/task/base.py", line 368, in safe_run
result = self.compile_and_execute(manifest, ctx)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/task/base.py", line 314, in compile_and_execute
result = self.run(ctx.node, manifest)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/task/base.py", line 415, in run
return self.execute(compiled_node, manifest)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/task/run.py", line 298, in execute
result = MacroGenerator(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/clients/jinja.py", line 84, in __call__
return self.call_macro(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt_common/clients/jinja.py", line 298, in call_macro
return macro(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 768, in __call__
return self._invoke(arguments, autoescape)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 782, in _invoke
rv = self._func(*arguments)
File "", line 89, in macro
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/sandbox.py", line 394, in call
return __context.call(__obj, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 303, in call
return __obj(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/clients/jinja.py", line 84, in __call__
return self.call_macro(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt_common/clients/jinja.py", line 298, in call_macro
return macro(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 768, in __call__
return self._invoke(arguments, autoescape)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 782, in _invoke
rv = self._func(*arguments)
File "", line 55, in macro
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/sandbox.py", line 394, in call
return __context.call(__obj, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jinja2/runtime.py", line 303, in call
return __obj(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/context/providers.py", line 1444, in submit_python_job
return self.adapter.submit_python_job(parsed_model, compiled_code)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/adapters/base/impl.py", line 175, in execution_with_log
response = code_execution_function(*args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/adapters/base/impl.py", line 1536, in submit_python_job
submission_result = job_helper.submit(compiled_code)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/adapters/bigquery/python_submissions.py", line 75, in submit
return self._submit_dataproc_job()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/adapters/bigquery/python_submissions.py", line 144, in _submit_dataproc_job
return poll_batch_job(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/dbt/adapters/bigquery/dataproc/batch.py", line 38, in poll_batch_job
response = job_client.get_batch( # type: ignore
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/google/cloud/dataproc_v1/services/batch_controller/client.py", line 950, in get_batch
response = rpc(
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/google/api_core/gapic_v1/method.py", line 131, in __call__
return wrapped_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/google/api_core/grpc_helpers.py", line 78, in error_remapped_callable
raise exceptions.from_grpc_error(exc) from exc
google.api_core.exceptions.ServiceUnavailable: 503 502:Bad Gateway
```

### Environment

```markdown
- OS: docker pull python:3.9.8-slim-buster (Debian)
- Python: Python 3.9.8
- dbt-core: 1.8.3
- dbt-bigquery: 1.8.1
```

### Additional Context

Feels similar to https://github.com/dbt-labs/dbt-bigquery/issues/682, but I believe the Dataproc element means we're dealing with a separate code path that doesn't benefit from `RETRYABLE_ERRORS`. The stacktrace also doesn't mention `dbt/adapters/bigquery/connections.py`.