`scatter` failed when putting into storage function that closed the class containing the Dask Future

**Describe the issue**:

Interesting detail: `distributed.protocol.serialize` can serialize a function, but `scatter` cannot. Based on this, it seems that the `scatter` should work in this case too.

**Minimal Complete Verifiable Example**:

```python
import distributed
from distributed import Client, default_client

if __name__ == '__main__':
client = Client()

class Custom:
@classmethod
def _construct(cls, data):
return cls(data)
def __init__(self, data):
self.data = data
def __reduce__(self):
client = default_client()
return self._construct, (client.gather(self.data),)

data = Custom(client.scatter(6))
def normal_function():
return data.data

print(distributed.protocol.deserialize(*distributed.protocol.serialize(normal_function))()) # works
print(client.scatter(normal_function)()) # TypeError: ('Could not serialize object of type function', '')

```

**Anything else we need to know?**:

**Environment**:

- Distributed version: `2023.12.1`
- Python version: `3.9.18`
- Operating System: `Windows 11`
- Install method (conda, pip, source): `conda`