Truncate large payloads when debug-logging received messages via comms

This issue came out of #8463. Currently, we log all incoming messages as `DEBUG` logs: https://github.com/dask/distributed/blob/33b2c72f583716a504808365d3701df639f78e68/distributed/core.py#L901

This can become a severe performance issue with large incoming requests, in particular with push-based systems like P2P. We should probably truncate large incoming payloads.