[4.5.5]: User Permissions incorrect after Craft 3 upgrade

What happened?

Description

I upgraded a site from 3.9 to 4.5.5 and now user permissions are incorrect. The User Groups all have the correct permissions and the User has the correct User Groups assigned, but the permissions do not match.

Steps to reproduce

1. Start on Craft 3.9
2. Add some User Groups with permission to Edit Entries for a Section
3. Add that group to a User
4. Upgrade to Craft 4.5.5
5. Check the permissions for the user compared to the user group permissions

Expected behavior

User permissions match User Group permissions

Actual behavior

User permissions don't match any User Group

Craft CMS version

4.5.5

PHP version

8.1.22

Operating system and version

Linux 5.15.49-linuxkit-pr

Database type and version

MariaDB 10.4.31

Image driver and version

Imagick 3.7.0 (ImageMagick 6.9.11-60)

Installed plugins and versions

Asset Rev | 7.0.0
Azure Blob Storage | 2.0.0
Calendar | 4.0.9
CKEditor | 3.6.0
Feed Me | 5.2.0
Navigation | 2.0.21
Publisher X | 3.0.1
Redactor | 3.0.4
Redirect Manager | 2.0.0
Snaptcha | 4.0.1
Super Table | 3.0.9
Video Embed | 2.0.2
Width Fieldtype | 4.0.0

No files, tests, or entry points are mentioned. Start by reproducing the Craft 3.9-to-4.5.5 upgrade with a user group that can edit section entries, then compare the migrated user's effective permissions with the group's permissions; done means they match after the upgrade.